A measurement of surface roughness is commonly carried out with the aid of profilometers, but when measuring the roughness of a curved surface arise difficulties. A technical problem consists in a probe feed along the normal to a nominal surface and filtration followed to exclude a low-frequency constituent of a profile. That is why it is purposeful to use coordinate measuring machines which have a probe with a spherical tip. For the first time there is presented a simulator of a spherical probe flat contact and surface roughness. A contact model developed is based on the regulations of analytical geometry. With the use of a numerical algorithm one finds a contact point and the center of a probe circle. On the basis of the simulator there is carried out an investigation of the impact of a probe radius upon roughness parameters Ra, Rmax, Rq. As initial data were used measurement results of the profilometer and profiles modeled with the aid of Monte-Carlo statistical method. It is defined that with the increase of the radius of the spherical probe its penetrating capacity decreases. That is why height parameters of roughness are distorted. The application of the spherical probe with the radius of 5-50 mkm ensures satisfactory results.

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Currently the measurement of surface texture in mechanical engineering is traditionally carried out using profilometers. Modern profilometers do not allow measuring of surfaces with complex shapes. This is due to the different sensitivity of the sensor and the discreteness of the movements along the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system. Coordinate Measuring Machines are devoid of such a drawback. However, stylus of the coordinate measuring machine has a diameter many times larger than the diamond stylus of the profilometer. Therefore, there is a mechanical filtering effect, that affects the results of measuring the parameters of the surface texture. In this paper a mathematical model of the contact of the spherical stylus and a rough surface based on analytical geometry is proposed. Influence of the diameter of the spherical stylus on the maximum measurement errors of a amplitude parameters are investigated. Seven amplitude parameters Rp, Rv, Rz, Ra, Rq, Rsk, Rku of the surface texture are modeled. Coordinate measuring machine and profilometer with stylus diameter of 2 μm measurement results are compared. it was concluded that the stylus diameter of the coordinate measuring machine when measuring the surface texture should be no more than 20 μm.