AsSeTe chalcogenide glasses are materials that are photosensitive and have a large refractive index. These properties make these glasses particularly suitable for the fabrication of photonic crystals. We present a way to build three-dimensional photonic structures from chalcogenide glasses using vapor deposition and direct holographic writing. We show that this technique is intrinsically self-aligned, providing a simple way to build layer-by-layer photonic crystals and a four-layer structure demonstrating the principle of the technique.

Construction of three-dimensional photonic crystals for optical wavelengths presents many technological and material science challenges. The submicron-feature-size sculpturing must be performed in high-refractive-index materials. We present the fabrication and optical characterization of ∼750 nm feature-size simple cubic woodpile photonic crystals from As2S3 (n≈2.2). The process is based on interference lithography and the layer-by-layer construction.

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