Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of a new system for telemetric electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in patients after endovascular interventions (EI) on the coronary arteries (CA). Materials and methods. 168 patients with chronic ischemic heart disease who underwent EI on the CA on an outpatient basis, and during routine hospitalization, followed by telemetric ECG-monitoring after interventions were included. The monitoring was carried out using a three-channel telemetric recorder Astrocard HE3 (Russia), which provides continuous monitoring of 3-lead ECG for a long time. Results. The telemetry was successfully performed in all 168 (100%) patients. In 165 (98%) patients, the quality of the recording was regarded as good, in 3 (2%) as satisfactory. There were no cases of disconnection of the device, no interruptions in recording. During the observation period, no life-threatening arrhythmia revealed. When comparing the telemetry results in different groups of patients, there were no significant differences in the incidence of arrhythmia. Patients with a history of percutaneous coronary interventions were questioned; according to which 92% of respondents reported that they felt more comfortable after the intervention followed by telemetric ECG-monitoring. Conclusion. Carrying out telemetric ECG-monitoring after EI on the CA improves the quality of observation after the procedure, promotes early discharge of patients, makes the intervention more comfortable and safe. The introduction of this technique into clinical practice will make it possible to more widely use the outpatient approach when carrying out EI, and to increase the turnover of specialized beds and the efficiency of the work of medical institutions.
Aim. To study the safety and clinical efficacy of an outpatient coronary angiography in various groups of patients according to a 6-year experience of the laboratory of endovascular diagnostic and treatment methods in the outpatient setting of the NMRC of Cardiology. Materials and methods. 2166 patients which underwent an outpatient coronary agiography from March 2009 to December 2014 were included. The success criteria was the successful completion of the procedure without the occurrence of major cardiovascular complications (death, transmural myocardial infarction; acute cerebrovascular accident, emergency cardiac surgery). Results and discussion. All 2166 patients included in the study were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 - 1316 patients who were discharged home several hours after the study; Group 2 - 850 patients directed from hospitals without catheterization laboratories with the same-day discharge back to the referring hospital. From a clinical point of view, in the second group there were more severe patients. However, the study was successfully completed in all patients in both groups. There were no major adverse cardiovascular complications during the procedure and within 24 hours. In the 1st group, unplanned hospitalization occurred in 2.1% of cases, the cause of which in 93% of cases was the detection during angiography of a critical lesion ≥70% of the left main coronary artery. Conclusion. In our work, the incidence of complications was extremely low and not significantly different in both groups of patients. This is due to the fact that in patients with a more severe symptoms underwent a preliminary stabilization of their clinical condition. The introduction of outpatient technologies will optimize the invasive diagnostics and reduce the costs associated with hospitalization.
Цель исследования. Оценка безопасности ранней выписки больных после эндоваскулярного лечения коронарных артерий (менее чем через 24 ч после процедуры) посредством традиционного холтеровского мониторирования электрокардиограммы-ЭКГ (ХМ ЭКГ) или телеметрического мониторирования ЭКГ в течение 1-х суток после выписки из стационара. Материал и методы. В исследование включили 363 больных ишемический болезнью сердца, которым в лаборатории рентгенэндоваскулярных методов диагностики и лечения при Научно-диспансерном отделе «НМИЦ кардиологии» МЗ РФ проводили эндоваскулярное лечение коронарных артерий с госпитализацией на одну ночь. ХМ ЭКГ проводили по стандартной методике. Записи анализировали в полуавтоматическом режиме с ручной обработкой результатов морфологической классификации комплексов QRS и артефактов. Телеметрическое наблюдение ЭКГ осуществляли с помощью прибора AATOS-ECG (Финляндия), который передавал данные на центральную мониторную станцию круглосуточного on-line-центра с минимальной задержкой (3-9 с). Результаты. ХМ ЭКГ проводили у 308 (85%) больных, средняя продолжительность мониторирования составила 23±1,2 ч. Качество записи ЭКГ оценено как хорошее у 294 (95%) пациентов, как удовлетворительное у 12 (4%) и как плохое у 2 (1%). При мониторировании угрожающих жизни нарушений ритма и проводимости, а также ишемических изменений конечной части желудочкового комплекса не наблюдалось. Телеметрическое мониторирование ЭКГ проводили у 55 (15%) больных. Наблюдение проводили по 1 отведению. Исследование успешно завершено у 54 (98,2%) пациентов, у 1 (1,8%) телеметрическое наблюдение провести не удалось. Качество передачи и записи ЭКГ у 47 (85,5%) больных расценено как хорошее, у 7 (12,7%)как удовлетворительное. При мониторировании угрожающих жизни нарушений ритма и проводимости, а также ишемических изменений конечной части желудочкового комплекса не наблюдалось. Заключение. Проведение баллонной ангиопластики со стентированием с госпитализацией на 1 день по данным ХМ и телеметричекого мониторирования ЭКГ является безопасным. Применение новых современных систем дистанционного on-line-мониторирования ЭКГ может способствовать более активному внедрению в клиническую практику краткосрочных схем госпитализации больных для эндоваскулярного лечения, но требует дальнейших исследований.
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