The purpose of the study is to explore economically valuable signs of female camels and set the selection criteria for down hair fibers according to length and fineness. The shorn wool amount was determined during spring shearing by individual weighing of wool with 0.1 kg precision balance. Selection criteria for down hair in Arvana breed are elaborated, with the parameters of length min. 9 cm and fineness of 15-19 microns, and for Kazakh Bactrian breed – with the parameters of length min. 12 cm and fineness of 14-18 microns; these criteria were used to select and form preferable types of 54 and 224 animal units correspondingly for further selection process works to increase wool production in stocks. For Bactrian camels, these parameters are 11.0% lower in Kospak-1 camels, 12.2% lower in Kospak-2 camels and 4.8% lower in Kospak-3 camels. As for the length of down hair fibers, it is almost the same for all the studied young camels. The absolute gain of the body weight of colts of domestic breeds is relatively high, making 103.8-127.4 kg, with the relative gain of 329.5-397.8 kg and with the average daily gain – 576.7-707.8 g.

The purpose of the study is to perform monitoring of camels of Kazakh Bactrian and Arvana dromedary breeds in the South West region of Kazakhstan; to determine perspective genotypes of purebred camels according to their dairy productivity. The study of class composition of the selected Arvana female camels of the 1st lactation with a milk yield of not less than 1950 kg allowed identifying 21.8% of Elite Class and 78.2% of Class I among 125 animal units. Kazakh Bactrian female camels of the first lactation are also selected with the yield of 1000 kg minimum in the number of 309 animals in the basic collective farms of camel breeding zones. It was found out that of 309 animals, 23.0% compose the Elite Class and 77.0% make the Class I. The estimation of Kazakh Bactrian female camels according to the milking capacity coefficient allowed determining that the optimal parameter for selection is Rank 1.5-1.9. It was found that in female camels according to the fertility index of Rank 1 (up to 42%), colt safety is reliably higher that compared with female camels of the same age with Rank 2 (42-47%) and Rank 3 (47% and higher).

It is proved that milk yield in winter is characterized by a decrease in the absolute indicator of the average daily milk yield with a simultaneous increase in the mass fraction of fat in milk in camels, regardless of the breed and the zone of their breeding. On average, the milk yield in December - February for camels of Arvan breed was from 4.8 kg to 6.4 kg, with a mass fraction of fat in milk of 4.6 - 4.7%. In winter, the milk yield of the Kazakh Bactrian camels in comparison with the peers of the Arvana breed of the “bestorrangyla” plant type is 2.5 times lower. The female camels of the Kazakh Bactrian in the first and second months of the winter period did not experience a sharp decrease in milk yield and on average December 2.5 - 3.0 kg and January 2.3 - 2.8 kg. At the end of the winter period - in February it drops sharply and reaches the level of 1.6-2.1 kg. At the same time, the fat content of milk in the winter period is in the redistribution of 5.9 – 6.2%.

The milk productivity of arvan camels in Syzdykbekov A and the Kazakh baktrian in Baghdat for 10 months of lactation against the background of the use of the probiotic Vet 3 was studied and its effective dose was established – 40 mg per 1 kg of live mass. Against the background of using said probiotic, an increase in milk productivity for 10 months of lactation was established in dishes of arvan breeds and Kazakh bactrian by 7.1 and 7.6 %, respectively, compared to the control group of camels where the probiotic was not used. Studies indicate that probiotic use has a certain impact on dairy productivity in all camel breeding zones in the basic dairy production areas. At the same time, in experimental groups, the weight for 3 months of lactation increased in the arvan breed from 36 to 54 kg, in the Kazakh bactrian breed – from 27 to 36 kg, in the Mongolian bactrian breed – from 36 to 45 kg compared to control groups, which is an additional reserve for camel milk production.

The research aims to determine the influence of the new technology of feeding dromedary female camels on their dairy productivity. Milk camels of the I control group were kept in conditions of pasture with supplementary feeding of 3 kg of wheat bran, milk camels of the II experimental group, in addition to the main diet - pasture forage, received additional feeding with 3 kg of concentrated feed, consisting (wt.%): a mixture of grain waste - 50, cotton husk - 10, wheat - 25 and barley - 15 with a total nutritional value of 1.0 feed units, 9.46 megajoule of metabolizable energy and 90.5 g of digestible protein. Studies have shown that the dairy productivity of experimental groups of milk female camels gradually increases from the beginning of the lactation period. For 12 months of the lactation period, the dairy productivity of dairy camels in the control group was 2995.3 liters, in the II experimental group - 3236.2 liters in the III experimental group - 3467.9 liters. The average fat content of camel milk from sucking dromedary female camels, depending on the level of feeding, averages 4.22-4.39%.