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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is the most widely used spectroscopic technique for characterization of molecular structures and reactions. N M R is especially powerful in detecting the presence of water and distinguishing between arbitrary physisorbed and chemisorbed states. This ability is particularly important in the search for extra-terrestrial life on planets such as Mars, where there are strong indications that liquid water exists or has existed previously. Conventional NMR technology based on magnetic induction is unsuitable for remote applications because these instruments are heavy and require excessive power. We recently demonstrated a new N M R technology based on magnetic force detection that is suitable for NMR analysis in remote environments and on small samples [2,3]. This paper details our efforts toward realizing this technology on small scales using a MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems) approach. Applications of this new MEMS-based NMR method to planetary exploration are discussed.