Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel 'stvo, No. 11, November 2015, pp. 55 -58. Studies at one of the earthen dams of the Volga -Kama cascade of dams revealed an elevated removal of suspended particles in seepage water, resembling the process of mechanical erosion. Comprehensive studies show that active microbiological processes occur in dam bodies. Elevated turbidity of seepage water was caused by microbiological processes. Microorganisms are also capable of adversely affecting the physical and mechanical properties of soil and promote the risk of reducing the stability of hydraulic engineering installations. In this regard, there is a need to develop a method to study the extent of microbiological process hazard and to incorporate it into regulatory documents.

Разработка угольных шахт обычно связана с целым рядом экологических проблем, одна из них-накопление значительного количество пустой породы на прилегающих к шахтам территориям. В статье приводится характеристика отвалов, расположенных на территории Кизеловского угольного бассейна, описан процесс их негативного влияния на окружающую среду, а также результаты ДЗЗ по космоснимкам со спутников Santinel-2 и анализы образцов отвалов с применением оптического, рентгеноструктурного, термического, электронно-микроскопического методов.

Contamination of groundwater by petroleum hydrocarbons is a widespread environmental problem in many regions. Contamination of unsaturated and saturated zones could also pose a significant risk to human health. The main purpose of the study was to assess the efficiency of biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in situ, in an area with loam and sandy loam soils, and to identify features and characteristics related to groundwater treatment in an area with a persistent flow of pollutants. We used methods of biostimulation (oxygen as stimulatory supplement) and bioaugmentation to improve water quality. Oxygen was added to the groundwater by diffusion through silicone tubing. The efficiency of groundwater treatment was determined by detailed monitoring. Implementation of the applied measure resulted in an average reduction in TPH concentration of 73.1% compared with the initial average concentration (4.33 mg/L), and in the local area, TPH content was reduced by 95.5%. The authors hope that this paper will contribute to a better understanding of the topic of groundwater treatment by in situ biodegradation of TPH. Further studies on this topic are particularly needed to provide more data and details on the efficiency of groundwater treatment under adverse geological conditions.

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