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A case-control study on larynx and hypopharynx cancer was carried out in 6 populations including the city of Turin and the province of Varese (Italy), the provinces of Navarra and Zaragoza (Spain), the canton of Geneva (Switzerland), and the département of Calvados (France). This report presents an analysis of the risk associated with alcohol and tobacco consumption based on 1,147 male cases and 3,057 male population controls. Special attention was given to the study of the risk at various sites of larynx and hypopharynx. The effect of tobacco is similar for all sites and the risk associated with ever smoking is on the order of 10. The risks from alcohol drinking depend on site. They are similar for epilarynx and hypopharynx (RR = 4.3, for more than 80 g/day) and lower for endolarynx (RR = 2.1, for more than 80 g/day). For all sites the risk decreases after quitting (RR = 0.3 after 10 years); exclusive use of filter cigarettes is protective (RR = 0.5 relative to smokers of plain cigarettes only) as is exclusive use of blond tobacco (RR = 0.5 relative to smokers of black tobacco only). Inhalation increases the risk of endolaryngeal cancer but not that of hypopharynx or epilarynx. The relative risks for joint exposure to alcohol and tobacco are consistent with a multiplicative model.

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Garcia et al. Reply: In their Comment [1] Bogdanov and Rossler (BR) make essentially two criticisms of our work [2]. We cannot agree with them and show that they are wrong. BR claim that practically always "multidomain structures are stabilized by the demagnetizing influence of surfaces" [3]. However, surprisingly in a recent paper [4] BR claim that when the magnetization vector lies in the xoy plane it does not create a demagnetizing field on the surface. This is what we did, in considering the case of thin magnetic films [2] in which the magnetization vector lies in the film plane (xoy) and the magnetic structures are sequence Néel domain walls. Moreover, BR note the following at the end of their Comment: "Irregular domain patterns occur in thin magnetic layers when ordering effects due to dipolar forces are weakened and are overcome by crystal and magnetic imperfections." This is what we considered. Indeed, it is well known [3] that the Neél wall is a linear dipole and its demagnetizing factor N d͑͞d 1 L͒ ø 1 when the film thickness d ø L, L is the wall width. Dipole-dipole interaction between Neél walls can be described by a field H i 2p 2 M s dL 2 ͑2R͒ 23 where R is the distance between the walls (see, e.g., [5]). Therefore we can neglect the magnetostatic interaction between the walls when B . ͑p͞Q͒ ͑d͞L͒ ͑L͞2R ͒ 3 where B is the amplitude of variations of anisotropy K or exchange interaction A and Q K͞2pM 2 s , Q 0.1 0.3 for Co. L ¿ d and R ¿ L for stable chaotic patterns presented in Fig. 3 of [2] and so their stability is determined by variations of K or A even when B ø 1.BR emphasize the difference between Eq.(2) of [2] and the equation for nonlinear oscillations with periodical variable parameters: "The former is initial value or Cauchy problems, the latter are boundary value problems." At the same time formal analogy between equations of the type of Eq. (2) and dynamic system equations widely used for the study of stationary states in different processes, including pattern formation (see [6] and numerous references therein). In particular, this approach was used to analyze solutions of Eq. (2) in the form of different domain walls [5]. We used this analogy only to prove that Eq. (2) has chaotic solutions in principle. Obviously, we can place the film boundaries at some points a and b where, for example, du͞dx 0, and establish in that way a chaotic solution satisfied by these neutral boundary conditions in a film whose size is equal the distance between a and b. We emphasize in [2] that extremely small variations of the boundary conditions result in radical changes of the solutions of Eq. (2). This is the main property of chaotic patterns and so it is generally known that studying chaotic solutions as a boundary value problem has no mathematical meaning.

We have investigated the noncentrosymmetric tetragonal heavy-fermion antiferromagnetic compound CeCuAl3 (T(N)=2.5 K) using inelastic neutron scattering (INS). Our INS results unequivocally reveal the presence of three magnetic excitations centered at 1.3, 9.8, and 20.5 meV. These spectral features cannot be explained within the framework of crystal-electric-field models and recourse to Kramers' theorem for a 4f(1) Ce(3+) ion. To overcome these interpretational difficulties, we have generalized the vibron model of Thalmeier and Fulde for cubic CeAl(2) to tetragonal point-group symmetry with the theoretically calculated vibron form-factor. This extension provides a satisfactory explanation for the position and intensity of the three observed magnetic excitations in CeCuAl3, as well as their dependence on momentum transfer and temperature. On the basis of our analysis, we attribute the observed series of magnetic excitations to the existence of a vibron quasibound state.