SUMMARY1. The swelling characteristics of demembranated bovine corneal stroma were studied as a function of time and of the pH and ionic strength of the bathing solution.2. Compared with other pH values, the stroma swelled least near pH 4. 3. In the pH range 6-10, increasing the pH resulted in an increase both in the rate of swelling and in the hydration reached in a given time.4. At pH 2 and 4, a final constant value of hydration was attained. At higher pH values no such equilibrium was attained when the hydration of the tissue was followed for at least 100 hr.5. The swelling at high pH values was consistent with the hypothesis that the Donnan-osmotic contribution is the major component of the swelling pressure.6. The ionic strength dependence was complex. There was a general decrease of swelling with increase in the ionic strength (iu) until around /t = 0-1. The swelling at u=0-15 was greater than at /= 0-1 and 1z = 0-25. 7. The results were interpreted on the assumption that the Donnan-osmotic effect is the major component of the swelling pressure.

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