Background Anaplasma phagocytophilum , the causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis, affects several species of wild and domesticated mammals, including horses. We used direct and indirect methods to compare and evaluate exposure to A. phagocytophilum in horses in northern Tunisia.MethodsSerum from 60 horses was tested by IFA for antibodies to A. phagocytophilum , and whole blood was tested for A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene using a nested-PCR. To examine the risk of A. phagocytophilum transmission, 154 ticks that had been collected from horses were examined for the presence of A. phagocytophilum by nested-PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene.ResultsThis is the first time that A. phagocytophilum has been detected in horses in Tunisia, with an overall seroprevalence of 40/60 (67%). Six of the seroreactive samples (10%) had an IFA titer of 1:80, 14 (23%) of 1:160, 8 (13%) of 1:320 and 12 (20%) a titer 1 ≥ 640. The seroprevalence revealed no significant regional and sex differences. In contrast, a significant difference was observed between breeds. Eight (13%) of the horses were positive for A. phagocytophilum in the PCR, with no significant breed and age differences. Hyalomma marginatum was a predominant tick species (130/154), and 3 were infected by A. phagocytophilum (a prevalence of 2.3%). The concordance rate of A. phagocytophilum detection between IFA and PCR had a k value of −0.07.ConclusionsThe results presented in this study suggest that horses infested by ticks in Tunisia are exposed to A. phagocytophilum.
A seroepidemiological survey was conducted in five bioclimatic areas of Tunisia to determine the prevalence of antibodies to Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum antigens, surrogate markers of the agents of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) and canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis, respectively. Among 286 collected sera, 54.2% and 25.2% were seropositive for E. canis and A. phagocytophilum, respectively, by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test. Clinical and hematological tests were done only for 58 sick dogs from Tunis area. A reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization was then used to identify isolated Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species infecting dogs (n = 228). Among them, only two dogs were infected by A. phagocytophilum; ten sample dogs were demonstrated infected by E. canis and ten infected by Ehrlichia sp., from which one dog showed a mixed infection with A. phagocytophilum and E. canis and one with A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia sp. RLB findings were confirmed by sequencing; BLAST search against GenBank revealed high similarity of the sequence of Ehrlichia sp. PCR/RLB amplicons with Anaplasma platys 16S rRNA partial sequence.
La séroprévalence de l'ehrlichiose a été recherchée sur 1 216 chiens de 8 zones administratives situées dans 5 régions à climat différent. Dans la zone de Tunis au sens large, où l'entretien des animaux est satisfaisant, elle est de 49 % en moyenne alors qu'elle varie entre 75 et 85 % dans les autres régions de l'intérieur. Les auteurs soulignent l'importance de cette maladie et décrivent les conditions favorables à sa transmission tout en ajoutant que le pourcentage élevé de porteurs asymptomatiques prouve, s'il en est besoin, que Ehrlichia canis n'est qu'un germe de sortie en zone d'endémicité.
Une enquête séro-épidémiologique sur l’artérite à virus des équidés a été réalisée dans deux régions de la Tunisie : l’Ariana et Kasserine. Les auteurs ont recherché par la technique de séroneutralisation les anticorps spécifiques dirigés contre le virus de l’artérite dans un échantillon représentatif de l’effectif équin dans les deux régions. Cet échantillon a concerné 199 chevaux dont 114 ont été des Pur-sang Arabes provenant de la région de l’Ariana et 85 des Barbes de la région de Kasserine ; 72 ont été des mâles et 127 des femelles. Les résultats ont montré que 51 chevaux (25,6 p. 100) ont été positifs, parmi lesquels 30 (26,3 p. 100) ont été des Pur-sang Arabes de la région de l’Ariana et 21 (24,7 p. 100) des chevaux Barbes de la région de Kasserine ; la différence n’a pas été statistiquement significative. Douze mâles (16,66 p. 100) et 39 femelles (30,7 p. 100) ont été positifs ; la différence a été statistiquement significative. Ces résultats sont discutés en relation avec ceux obtenus par d’autres auteurs en Tunisie et dans les pays voisins.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.