Although high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is the most effective drug against primary CNS lymphomas (PCNSL), outcomedetermining variables related to its administration schedule have not been defined. The impact on toxicity and outcome of the area under the curve (AUC MTX ), dose intensity (DI MTX ) and infusion rate (IR MTX ) of MTX and plasmatic creatinine clearance (CL crea ) was investigated in a retrospective series of 45 PCNSL patients treated with three different HD-MTX-based combinations. Anticonvulsants were administered in 31 pts (69%). Age 460 years, anticonvulsant therapy, slow IR MTX (p800 mg m À2 h À1 ), and reduced DI MTX (p1000 mg m À2 wk À1 ) were significantly correlated with low AUC MTX values. Seven patients (16%) experienced severe toxicity, which was independently associated with slow CL crea . A total of 18 (40%) patients achieved complete remission after chemotherapy, which was independently associated with slow CL crea . In all, 22 patients were alive at a median follow-up of 31 months, with a 3-year OS of 4079%; slow CL crea and AUC MTX 41100 mmol h l À1 were independently associated with a better survival. Slow CL crea and high AUC MTX are favourable outcome-determining factors in PCNSL, while slow CL crea is significantly related to higher toxicity. AUC MTX significantly correlates with age, anticonvulsant therapy, IR MTX , and DI MTX . These findings, which seem to support the choice of an MTX dose X3 g m À2 in a 4 -6-h infusion, every 3 -4 weeks, deserve to be assessed prospectively in future trials. MTX dose adjustments in patients with fast CL crea should be investigated. (Reni et al, 1997;Ferreri et al, 2002b). Any chemotherapy regimen without HD-MTX is associated with outcomes no better than those obtained with radiotherapy (RT) alone in these malignancies (Schultz et al, 1996;O'Neill et al, 1999;Mead et al, 2000), while the survival benefit of the addition of other drugs to HD-MTX remains a matter of debate (Reni et al, 2001;Ferreri et al, 2002b). In spite of its central role in PCNSL treatment, the optimal dose, administration schedule, and dose timing of MTX have not been clearly defined. Moreover, contrary to what is observed in other malignancies in which MTX plays a crucial role, such as acute leukaemia (Evans et al, 1986) and osteosarcoma (Graf et al, 1994;Delepine et al, 1995;Bacci et al, 1998), where a significant association between MTX parameters and outcome has been reported, the impact on toxicity and outcome of MTX administration schedule has not been investigated in PCNSL.The analysis of some MTX parameters, such as the area under the curve (AUC MTX ), dose, dose intensity (DI MTX ), and infusion rate (IR MTX ), as well as the plasmatic creatinine clearance (CL crea ) could allow us to identify subgroups of patients with increased risk of severe toxicity or disappointing outcome, as well as to define the optimal MTX administration schedule against PCNSL. This paper reports the analysis of the impact on toxicity and outcome of the above-mentioned variables in a retro...
IOL is usually associated with concomitant brain disease and shows a survival similar to that of the rest of PCNSLs. Chemotherapy combined with ocular irradiation resulted in better control of ocular disease, which seems to be associated with survival. In view of the potential role of ocular irradiation, the use of chemotherapy alone in phase II trials should be critically reconsidered in PCNSL patients with ocular disease.
Введение. Анемия - одно из наиболее часто встречающихся осложнений у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК) и хроническими заболеваниями печени. Для коррекции анемии в клинической практике все чаще применяют препараты железа, вводимые парентерально. Однако такая терапия может привести к избытку железа и ухудшить течение основного заболевания. Понимание патогенеза анемии важно для подбора терапии и минимизации риска осложнений. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы 10 пациентов с гастроэнтерологической патологией. Средний возраст составил 52,5 года. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я группа - 5 пациентов с ЖДА, протекающей на фоне патологии гепатобилиарной системы (ЗГБС), 2-я группа - 5 пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК), осложненными анемией хронических заболеваний. Результаты. В обеих группах не было зарегистрировано достоверного прироста эритроцитов и гемоглобина (р>0,05), что, скорее всего, связано с коротким периодом наблюдения. При оценке феррокинетики выявлена статистически значимая положительная динамика всех показателей во 2-й группе (р<0,05), в 1-й группе достоверно изменился только показатель ферритина (р=0,009). Заключение. Необходимо дальнейшее исследование пациентов с гастроэнтерологической патологией, осложненной анемией, для формирования окончательного заключения об эффективности и целесообразности применения парентеральных форм препаратов железа у данных категорий пациентов. Introduction. Anemia is one of the most common complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic liver disease. In clinical practice, the intravenous iron is frequently administered. However, this therapy can lead to excess iron and cause exacerbation of the disease. Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia is important for the selection of therapy and minimizing the risk of complications. Materials and methods. 10 patients with gastroenterological pathology were analyzed. The average age was 52.5 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group - 5 patients with hepatobiliary system disease complicated by IDA, the second group - 5 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) complicated by anemia of chronic diseases (ACD). Results. A statistically increased level of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit in the both groups was not revealed (p>0.05). Statistically significant positive dynamics of all ferrokinetic parameters was detected in the group 2 (p<0.05). Only the ferritin indicator was changed significantly in the group 1 (p=0.009). Conclusion. Further study of patients with gastroenterological pathology complicated by anemia is required to form a final conclusion on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the intravenous iron administration in these categories of patients.
В апреле 2020 г. на территории РФ были введены жесткие карантинные меры с целью профилактики распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. В кратчайшие сроки большое количество стационаров общего профиля было перепрофилировано в COVID-госпитали, на основании имеющегося мирового опыта выпущены рекомендации по ведению пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией. Однако ограниченность ресурсов системы здравоохранения в условиях пандемии требует исследования фармакоэкономических аспектов COVID-19. В ходе исследования проведен сплошной ретроспективный анализ историй болезней 6255 пациентов, госпитализированных в ЧУЗ «ЦКБ "РЖД-Mедицина"». За исследуемый период времени 22% пациентов получили терапию ингибиторами рецептора интерлейкина-6 (ИЛ-6). Средний показатель смертности пациентов, получавших лечение ингибиторами рецептора ИЛ-6, -11,6%. Проводился индивидуальный подбор лечебной дозы низкомолекулярных гепаринов, показавший высокую клиническую эффективность. Разработанные методики были оценены с позиции фармакоэкономики. Увеличение степени поражения легочной ткани у пациентов с COVID-19, а также наличие сопутствующих заболеваний влечет за собой повышение стоимости лечения. Проведение терапии ингибиторами ИЛ-6 позволяет снизить стоимость лечения пациентов с КТ-4 на 16% за счет снижения времени пребывания в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии, необходимости искусственной вентиляции легких и снижения смертности.Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
Intoduction. Multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) are two haematological malignancies developing through tumour transformation of lymphoid and myeloid progenitor cells, respectively, not sharing a common ancestry. Coexistence of the two diseases is extremely rare.Aim. Clinical description of a patient diagnosed with CML in a few months after start of MM therapy.Main findings. We report a clinical case of MM and CML in a 62 years-old female patient. MM was diagnosed newly and followed by 5 VD chemotherapy cycles. Treatment discontinued due to severe polyneuropathy. The patient was transferred to thalidomide maintenance therapy. CML was diagnosed 12 months after initiation of thalidomide therapy: BCR-ABL (p190), BCR-ABL (p210). Since imatinib produced short-term effect, dasatinib therapy was started. Following 16 months after the onset of dasatinib therapy, MM relapse and CML progression were diagnosed.
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