A group of 20 cows and heifers experienced poor conception rates and probable ovarian dysfunction after being artificially inseminated. When first examined, some showed signs of vulvovaginitis, with pustular, ulcerative lesions consistent with a herpesvirus infection. They had had no contact with bulls during the current breeding season. Bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BHV-5) was isolated from samples of frozen semen from the batch that had been used for the artificial insemination programme. BHV-5 was also isolated from the semen of a second apparently healthy bull during routine screening of its semen.