A simple model was developed which describes the effect of SiC submicrometer particles on the fracture toughness of alumina–SiC “nanocomposites.” This effect was attributed to the change in the fracture mode observed in alumina on adding SiC submicrometer particles, which was suggested to be a result of both matrix weakening and grain boundary strengthening. The model suggests that the increase in fracture toughness should be obtained only for small additions (less than 5 wt%) of SiC.

The tribological operating environment for cutting tools, automotive components and biomedical implant bearing surfaces is highly challenging. An assessment of the limitations of state of the art of coated materials for use in these applications has been made. Special consideration is given to the prospects for diamond-like carbon coating materials and the requirements for future high density plasma based surface engineering technologies

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