For the first time, in the conditions of the Magadan region, have been carried out studies on the use of a feed additive (FA) based on mountain pine in combination with lichens in the rations of young cattle (C) of Holstein breed and cross-bred young of Holstein and Aberdeen Angus breeds of the dairy and growing period. The use of FA positively affects the growth rate, daily average growth, blood counts, young growth resistance and digestibility of feed. The live-weight of the experimental gobies of Holstein breed at the age of 16 months, which additionally received the FA ration, exceeded the rate of the control group up to 2.15 kg (0.58%), the crossbreeds of the Aberdeen-Angus breed exceeded the rate of a control group up to 9.55 kg (2.3%) (P≤0.05). The relative growth rate (according to S. Brody) of gobies at the age of 16 months, which got FA was higher than of gobies of the control groups. The growth rate of experimental gobies of Holstein breed is 0.12% higher, and of crossbred gobies is 2.57% higher respectively. A study of the hematological composition of the blood of experimental half-blood gobies of the Aberdeen-Angus breed showed that relative to the control group, the concentration of eosinophils increases by 0.4%, monocytes 0.8%, lymphocytes by 7.2%, the concentration of band neutrophil decreases by 1%, segmented neutrophils by 7.4%. The young of the experimental groups had better digestibility of dietary nutrients and feed costs per 1 kg of growth in comparison with the control groups.

Проведены исследования по применению кормовой добавки (КД) из нетрадиционных региональных растительных ресурсов: лишайников Cladonia alpestris и Cetraria islandica, морских водорослей (ламинария Laminaria, фукус Fucus) и микроэлементов в рационах кормления коров за 2 мес перед и 2 мес после отела. Использование КД положительно влияло на молочную продуктивность. Наибольшая эффективность ее применения в рационе коров проявлялась в повышении среднесуточного удоя на 1,67 кг (11,4%), жирномолочности — на 0,25 абс.%, содержания белка в молоке — на 0,06 абс.% относительно контроля. Применение КД позволило оптимизировать воспроизводительные функции. У коров опытной группы сервис-период был короче на 24,8%, индекс осеменения меньше в 0,75 раза, чем в контроле. Оплодотворяемость от первого осеменения также была выше у опытных коров (62,5—87,5%). Животные, получавшие дополнительно к основному рациону КД, обладали повышенной воспроизводительной способностью по сравнению с аналогами, не получавшими ее, что позволило успешней использовать первых в процессе воспроизводства стада. Включение в рацион кормовой добавки способствует и повышению экономической эффективности производства. Снижение уровня убыточности в сравнении с применением хозяйственного рациона составило 16,2 п.п. Улучшение всех гематологических показателей сыворотки крови коров показывает, что использование КД оказывает положительное влияние на их организм. На основе результатов исследований разработана кормовая добавка для кормления крупного рогатого скота с использованием нетрадиционных источников кормов в условиях Магаданской области, получен патент на изобретение «Кормовая добавка для крупного рогатого скота с иммуномодулирующим действием». The studies have been carried out on use of feed additive of nontraditional regional  plant resources: lichens, seaweeds, and trace elements in diets for cow feeding for 2 months of dry period and 2 months after calving. Use of the feed additive (FA) influences positively on the milk productivity. The highest efficiency of use of the FA in cattle diet showed in increasing average daily milk yield by 1.67 kg (11.4%), milk fat content by 0.25 absolute percent, milk protein content by 0.06 absolute percent, relative to the control group. Use of the feed additive enables optimizing reproductive function of the cows. The cows in the 2 experimental group had a service period shorter by 24.8%, insemination index lover 0.75 times than those in the control group cows. Fertility from the first insemination was higher in experimental cows (62.5-87.5%). The cows fed the FA in addition to the basic diet have a heightened reproductive abilities as that did not feed it which makes it possible to use the former in the process of the herd reproduction. The inclusion of a feed additive in the diet also contributes to increasing the economic efficiency of production. The decrease in the level of unprofitability in comparison with the use of the ration was 16.2 percentage points. Data of haematological investigations showed that, according to studied  indices, the state of the cows in the experimental groups had improved in comparison wilh ones in the control group. On the basis of results of the studies, a feed additive for cattle feeding has been developed using the nontraditional feed resources in conditions of Magadan region and a patent has been taken out for an invention entitled «Feed additive for cattle possessed an immunomodulating effect».

The characteristic of the condition of northern reindeer breeding in the eastern sector of the Arctic, the number of deers on farms, around administrative and geographical areas of the territory is given. The factors which affect the economic efficiency of the industry, production, the main reasons for the unproductive waste of deers are noted. In modern conditions, reindeer husbandry performs a number of important economic and social functions. There are three different points of view on the development of reindeer husbandry. In the first economic aspect, reindeer husbandry is considered as a commodity business in the northern economy. In the second aspect, reindeer husbandry is considered as an ethno-saving industry, the way of life associated with the traditional economic activities of the native population of the North, which provides its employment. The third approach means the ethnocultural development of reindeer husbandry, which creates opportunities for the tourism business development - ethnocultural tourism. The main directions of improving the productive and social infrastructure of the industry, ways of innovative development, and solving the personnel problem are proposed.

For the first time, in the conditions of the Magadan Region, studies were carried out on the use of a feed additive (FA) prepared from dwarf pine (mountainpine) in combination with lichens in feeding young cattle of the Holstein breed and crossbred young animals of the Golstein and Hereford breeds. Over the period of the experiment, the absolute increase of the experimental bulls exceeded the indicators of the control groups: young Holstein breed by 2.15 kg (0.58%), hybrids by 6.35 kg (1.51%). The relative growth rate of experimental bulls according to Brody was higher than that of bulls in the control groups: bulls of the Holstein breed by 0.12%, crossbreeds by 0.77%. The use of crossing low-productivity dairy cattle with bulls of meat breeds makes it possible to obtain interbred hybrid animals of the I and II generations. The production of beef from crossbred young stock is characterized by greater economic efficiency in comparison with the fattening of super-renovated young Holstein breed. In the experimental group of a hybrid of the Holstein and Hereford breeds of the 1st generation, this indicator was 7.2 energy feed units (EFU), which is 7.7% lower than in the control one, and 13.25% lower than in the experimental group of the Holstein breed.

For the first time in the conditions of the Magadan region, studies were carried out to study the effect of a new non-traditional feed additive (FA) of plant origin, consisting of kelp flour (Laminaria), lichen - alpine cladonia (Cladonia alpestris) and Icelandic cetraria (Cetraria islandica), introduced into the diets of mixed young cattle of meat direction, on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, as well as the general resistance of young animals. It was found that the inclusion of a component feed additive in the diets of calves of the dairy period affects their growth and development, improves the physiological state, resistance of gobies in the experimental group, in comparison with the control one. This is reflected by an increase in the protein content in the blood serum of calves of the experimental group by 9.8 g / l (14.37%), hemoglobin by 0.2 g / dl (1.86%), lymphocytes by 1.2%, and a decrease in the content of leukocytes by 1.02 thousand / μl (9.57%) relative to young animals in the control group.