Direct determinationsof the P-waveattenuation parameter, Q,, in the Earth's mantle are made using changes in the form of P-wave amplitude spectra as a function of distance. Two independent sets of experimental data from axisymmetrical surface sources are used: (1) 288 records of narrow-band SVKM seismometers from 19 events, and (2) 75 records of wide-band SVK seismometers from seven larger events.The average Q , value in the depth interval between 100 and 760 km is found to be 710 and in the interval 760-2900 km to be between 1200 and 1330. The estimate of the accuracy of these results is given and the comparison with other authors' results of direct and indirect Q, determination is made.

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The article studies lexical designations of the natural phenomenon of the Northern lights in scientific, literary, journalistic and advertising texts of German- and Russian-speaking authors. The purpose is to compare and contrast their implementation in German and Russian Arctic discourses. The study of semantics, syntactics and pragmatics of lexical designations of the phenomenon allows authors to comprehensively assess the views of German and Russian scientists, writers, poets, journalists, representatives of tourism and advertising business on the northern lights. A comparative study of lexical designations of the northern Lights in the focus of German and Russian Arctic discourses shows the similarity in the presentation of the lexical categories under consideration according to the existing universal (scientific) world picture and the differences in the implementation of lexical designations of northern lights, explained by the national world picture of the representatives of two compared linguistic cultures.

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