In the present work, the static and the dynamic analysis of intelligent advanced beams structures with piezoelectric actuators have been studied. The structure substrate is made of isotropic and/or anisotropic materials, subjected to axial and transverse mechanical loads as well as electrical load. The actuators’ layers are made of piezoelectric material of PZT type. The model is able to solve the structure with piezoelectric actuators either patches or completely covers the structure; in the upper or lower surface or impeded in the structure. The classical laminate theory is used to represent the deformation of the lamination for each considered structure. The ID isoperimetric Hermit cubic shape functions and the Lagrange interpolation functions are used to formulate the finite element model for the distributed coupled electromechanical behavior. The equations of motion of each structure system is obtained by using the principle of total potential energy considering the Euler-Bernoulli beam assumptions. A Matlab code is prepared to perform the analysis of such beams. The results of the proposed finite element model for each structure are compared to the available finite element and analytical results of other investigators, good agreement is generally obtained.

The normal penetration of armor-piercing projectiles into single and multi-layered steel plates has been investigated. An experimental program has been conducted to study the effect of spaced and in-contact layered targets on their ballistic resistance. Armor piercing projectiles with caliber of 7.62 mm were fired against a series of single and multi-layered steel targets. The projectile impact velocities were ranged from 300-600 m/s, whereas the total thicknesses of the tested single, spaced and in-contact layered steel targets were 3 mm. The penetration process of different tested target configurations has been simulated using Autodayn-2D hydrocode.The experimental measurements of the present work were used to discuss the effect of impact velocity, target configurations and number of layers of different spaced and in-contact layered steel targets on their ballistic resistance. In addition, the post-firing examination of the tested targets over the used impact velocity range showed that the single and each layer of spaced and in-contact laminated steel targets were failed by petalling. Finally, the obtained experimental measurements were compared with the corresponding numerical results of Autodyn-2D hydrocode, good agreement was generally obtained.

An experimental program has been conducted to study the normal perforation of a small caliber projectile into textile/epoxy composite targets. This program is concerned with the determination of ballistic resistance for a set of targets, consisting of kevlar/epoxy and S-2 glass/epoxy composites with different thicknesses. The used textiles (kevlar-129 and S-2 glass) for manufacturing the composites have a new weave shape (3D weave TM), which permits the epoxy resin to diffuse through it. In addition, tensile tests of manufactured composite specimens are performed to determine their mechanical properties. The analytical model developed by Taylor and Vinson [1] is adopted herein to describe the penetration of a small caliber projectile into a textile/epoxy composite target. The selected model uses the circumferential strain as a failure criterion for a composite target. The main assumptions and equations representing the analytical model are presented. These equations are arranged and compiled into a computer program. The input data to run the program are easily determined. The ballistic measurements of the experimental program are compared with the model predictions; good agreement is generally obtained. The obtained results show that the tested composites with different thicknesses have a limited ballistic resistance against the used projectile. Moreover, other types of epoxies are recommended be used for manufacturing the composites and the effect of epoxy type as well as the delamination between composite layers on their ballistic resistance must be considered.

In this paper, Autodyn-2D hydrocode is used to investigate the influence of shaped charge parameters on penetration performance. Two different algorithms of Autodyn-2D hydrocode are used to predict the jet penetration depthsinto steel target; they are: i)jetting analyses algorithm, and ii) jet formation and penetration algorithm. To validate the predictions of the present work, Autodyn hydrocode is fed with the data of tested shaped charges with different liner thicknesses. The predicted penetration depths are compared with the corresponding experimental measurements; good agreement is generally obtained. Then, the shaped charge with liner thickness of 1.1mm, that gives the maximum jet penetration into steel target, is selected to study the influence of other different shaped charge parameters on its penetration performance. These parameters include form, material and thickness of liner, standoff distance and type of high explosive material. The influence of each studied parameter is evaluated by comparing the jet penetration performance with that of the selected shaped charge. Samples of the obtained predicted results showing the influence of each shaped charge parameter on jet formation and its penetration depth into steel target are presented and discussed. Four configurations are simulated into Autodyn-2D hydrocode considering the parameters that improve the penetration performance of the selected shaped charge. The obtained predictions result in the replacement of RDX by HMX explosive type and increasing the standoff distance from 29 to 40mm of the selected shaped charge will improve its penetration capability by 28.5%.

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