Results of experimental studies of the influence of the ratio of static and dynamic stresses on limit stresses and second critical brittleness temperature of butt welded joints with a crack on 09G2 and 12GN2MFAYu steels under the conditions of room and low (to-80 °C) temperatures are analyzed. It is found that at the specified temperature the dynamic component of critical stress decreases linearly with increase of static stress. It is shown that decrease of limit stresses and increase of the second critical brittleness temperature take place at increase of the dynamic factor. Critical brittleness temperatures of welded joints of steel with higher mechanical properties are significantly lower. It is found that ignoring the dynamic stresses leads to underestimated values of limit stress and overestimated values of second critical brittleness temperature. Presented analysis of research allows a more substantiated approach to assessment of brittle fracture resistance of structural elements made from the studied materials, and determination of their safety margins. 7 Ref., 1 Table, 7 Figures.

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The paper examines the phase transformations of composite powders based on Al 63 Cu 25 Fe 12 that contain alloying elements (Ti, Cr, Si in the ratio AlCuFe : TiCrSi = 75 : 25). The powders are produced by mechanochemical synthesis and subsequent thermal treatment. Amorphous and crystalline powder mixtures form during synthesis; their annealing results in multiphase structures consisting of α, β 1 , and β 2 phases. High-temperature x-ray diffraction has revealed an α-phase between 700 and 900°C. The new α-phase should be regarded as a 1/1 approximant of the nonequilibrium quasicrystalline phase. The maximum content of the approximant phase (68 wt.%) is observed after five-hour synthesis and subsequent annealing (T = 700°C, τ = 2 h) of pressed powders, microhardness of the particles reaching 8900 MPa.

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