Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent complex disorder among adults worldwide which includes cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. MetS or its components are prevalent in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), a common urogenital disorder of adult male with increasing age. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2014 to June 2015 with a total of 100 subjects. Of these 50 patients of BPH attending the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka was taken as Group I and 50 age-matched apparently healthy adults was taken as Group II. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP III, 2005) criteria, components of MetS as fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride, serum HDL-C level, blood pressure, waist circumference were assessed and compared between groups by chi-square (x2) tests and unpaired student's 't' test as appropriate. A p value <0.05 at 95% CI was considered as significant. Metabolic Syndrome was significantly more common in BPH patients than that of healthy individuals (72% VS 38%, p=0.001). Mean±SD of fasting plasma glucose and serum triglycerides were significantly higher in Group I than that of Group II (5.7±0.6 mmol/l vs 5.13±0.97 mmol/l, p=0.001; and 191.3±33.9 mg/dl vs 159.2±45.5 mg/dl, p=0.001, respectively). Percentage of subjects having high blood pressure, high serum triglyceride and low serum HDL-C were significantly high in BPH patients (Group I) than that of healthy individuals of Group II (BP: 72% VS 44%, p=0.005, TG: 90% vs 54%, p=0.001, HDL-C: 72% VS 54%,p=0.001). Metabolic syndrome or its components are more common among patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. Routine investigations to detect MetS can be done to reduce the risk of cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in BPH patients.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2015; 8(2): 42-48

Adipose tissue is not simply an inert storage depot for lipids but an important endocrine organ. It secretes many hormones called Adipocytokines which include Adiponectin, which increase insulin sensitivity, has anti-inflammatory and anti atherogenic properties. OBJECTIVES: To study serum Adiponectin levels in type II DM individuals and compare the results with healthy controls and also to study the effect of BMI and WHR on serum Adiponectin levels. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study was carried out in seventy seven subjects who included 6 healthy male controls and 6 healthy female controls, 30 diabetic males and 35 diabetic female individuals. The healthy controls both male and female of age around 40 to 50 years (+5 years) were selected with no history of diabetes or hypertension. The study group were selected of the same age as the control group from the Outpatient Department, Diabetology unit, of our Medical College. Individuals Height, Weight and Waist Hip Ratio were measured and BMI was calculated with the formula -Weight in Kg/ Height in m². Estimation of serum Adiponectin with Human Adiponectin/Acrp 30 Immunoassay by Solid-phase ELISA which employs -Quantitative Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay Technique. Plasma Glucose by GOD/POD method. RESULTS: The result shows that 1. Males have low levels of Adiponectin when compared to females which is not statistically significant and could be due to androgens like testosterone which inhibits the secretion of Adiponectin from adipocytes. 2. Comparison of serum Adiponectin levels in type 2 DM subjects and healthy controls shows statistically significant decrease in Serum Adiponectin levels (P Value < 0.05) in type II DM subjects. 3. Negative correlation between serum Adiponectin and WHR and BMI but it is not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Serum Adiponectin levels are decreased in Type II DM individuals. Adiponectin may be considered as one of the significant novel markers in future for detection of Diabetes and also administration of Adiponectin and regulation of its pathway represents a promising target for management of obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, Type II DM and vascular inflammation.

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