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WO 3 supported on zeolite-Y (WO 3 -ZY) was successfully synthesized by a facile impregnation method and well characterized by various techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared catalysts was investigated for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible, UV and solar light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was observed for the catalyst WO 3 -ZY, which may be due to the presence of more active sites that can adsorb a greater number of dye molecules. The TEM, FESEM and adsorption studies confirm that the WO 3 supported on zeolite-Y has a very small particle size of about 8 nm compared with the bare WO 3 at 97 nm. The efficient electron-hole pair separation and the role of active species were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy and the test of the effect of scavengers, respectively. The mechanism for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB was proposed and the pathway of RhB degradation was illustrated schematically.

Ni-doped SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a coprecipitation route and showed superior properties for a series of different applications. The 1 atom % Ni-doped SnO2 NPs exhibited excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitors to deliver a specific capacitance of 793 F g–1 at an applied current density of 2.5 A g–1 in a KOH electrolyte while retaining its capacitance over 1250 cycles. The energy-dependent (100, 150, and 200 μJ) nonlinear absorption behavior of the Ni-doped SnO2 NPs was investigated and found to be due to the effective two-photon absorption with free carrier absorption. A clad-modified fiber-optic gas-sensor setup was used to sense the ammonia at ambient temperature. Further, the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B, Congo red, and Direct red dyes by the Ni-doped SnO2 NPs was examined under visible-light irradiation.

C–N–S tridoped TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol–gel method using thiourea as a compound source of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S).