Decision-making is directly connected with purposeful human activity. All people are engaged in this process on a daily basis both personally and using automatic or automated systems. The paper considers the issues of decision-making technology in automatic and automated systems, identifies the main stages of decision making: data – information – knowledge – decision making – decision implementation. There are defined terms «data», «information», «knowledge», «decision», «implementation» which are used at the stages of decision making and decision implementation in automated and automatic control systems. In the paper, there are provided definitions of automatic and automated systems, robots as a separate class of automatic systems, as well as the next stage of development of robots – self-organizing automatic machines which are independently configured to perform various target functions based on the rules of acquiring knowledge. Some features of large systems such as industry or state are noted. For such systems, it is impossible to get all the necessary data about the processes that take place in them. Therefore, the information obtained as a result of their processing will not provide enough knowledge for decision-making on system management. Missing knowledge can be obtained thanks to the unformalized knowledge of people. The definition of unformalized knowledge is provided as well. The paper forms the principles of building automated and automatic systems using artificial intelligence and describes the sequence of control processes in any automatic or automated control system

Housing and communal services in Kyiv have more than 10,000 multi-storey houses, and in Ky-iv region, there are more than 5,000. Reducing energy consumption for housing, heat and water supply, and lighting services should be considered as reducing energy costs. The trouble-free operation of the equipment is of the utmost importance. Its resource on many utilities has a minimum margin of safety. Centralized analysis of the equipment control, accounting of motor resources and, accordingly, timely preventive work allow extending the service life of many components of engineering systems in the utility sector, transport, and industry. These problems are solved by distributed systems of automated control of engineering equipment, including control systems of the hot water supply scheme for modern new buildings. In modern new buildings, there is used a scheme of hot water supply (HWS) with two circulating pumps and the HWS regulator. The control cabinet, developed in the IMMSP of the NAS of Ukraine, is made on the basis of the MRTP-7 controller with the corresponding software consisting of gen-eral and special purpose programs. The article considers the principles of building a control sys-tem for hot water supply, considers the software functions of the system, presents a mathemati-cal model of the HWS system, describes a laboratory test site for testing algorithms for HWP control and modeling the HWS control process. The scientific and technical solutions provided in the article can be used in the development of automated control systems for engineering equipment in the utility sector.

Modern automated control systems can not do without the special means of organizing commu-nication with humans. The main peculiarity of human-machine interaction is the combination of formalized information processes and structures with non-formalized (as a rule, creative) in-formation processing. The latter helps not only find ways to solve complex problems that can not be found in formal models (algorithms) but also organize the process of problem solving as a holistic system. Human-machine interaction can not be fully algorithmic (in the formal sense), but it is possible to develop technology for mutual activities of humans and technical systems for problem solving. The role of people in technical control systems is constantly changing. Previously, a human was the link that was mostly responsible for process manage-ment. With the development of automated systems that was supported by the ever-increasing use of computers, people are increasingly taking over the functions of the control unit, at the same time keeping the role of an observer of the process. However, in recent years the role of humans in control systems has changed. In modern technical systems, they again play a leading role, which fully reveals their abilities and uses its boundary capabilities to optimally distribute the functions between human and machine, human and process. Human-machine interaction is a form of mutual use of reserves of humans and automated systems that is ultimately focused on humans. The article considers the stages of human-machine automation systems development, the composition and distribution of functions in human-machine systems, the possibility of their implementation, emergencies in automated technological facilities, and some examples of human-machine control in ACS TP thick-sheet rolling mills.

An analysis of the world experience of military conflicts of the last century and the results of repulsing the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation indicates the need to strengthen the defense capability of the state by improving the methods and mechanisms of comprehensive support. Studies prove that the basis for the provision of the defense capability of the state and the capabilities of the defense forces is the management of defense resources as an integral part of strategic (defense) planning. Consequently, the management of defense re-sources is a priority nationwide measure which involves the components of the Security and De-fense sector of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as the SDSU), other ministries and executive authorities, the limits of competence of which extend to the issues related to the defense sphere of the country. The article suggests some ways to strengthen the defense potential of the state and increase the efficiency of the Armed Forces of Ukraine through the use of a high-tech in-formation system (IS). A complex and important issue of this management activity is to ensure the coordination of actions of state bodies of the SDSU, achieving the necessary balance be-tween the volume and nature of the tasks assigned to the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other components of the SDSU, the capabilities of the state for their resource provision, activities and volumes of international military-technical and financial assistance. The Unified Information System for the Management of Defense Resources of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (UIS MDR AFU) can be such an IS, which will increase the efficiency of state and military administration and improve the mechanisms for managing defense re-sources. Under the current conditions, in order to significantly improve the organization and implementation of activities for the management of defense resources, all components of the SDSU must be equipped with the appropriate software and technological tools – the UIS MDR AFU. The formation and use of the prospective UIS MDR AFU should be aimed at solving the problems of defense provision, effective use of the potential of the state, as well as the imple-mentation of measures to strengthen the defense capability of the state in the direction of MDR.