Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. The mortality from CRC remains very high. The main cause of such a high mortality is a disseminate process with the appearance of distant metastases. In this regard, the treatment of metastatic lesions is recognized as an important trend in modern oncology. The program of study included 176 patients with colorectal cancer after primary tumor removal with the malignant progression-multiple (more than 4) bilobar liver metastases. The research was organized in Samara Regional Oncology Centre from 2001 to 2014. By the treatment method, patients were divided into two groups. Main group got the combined (chemotherapy + radiofrequency ablation (RFA)) treatment ( = 98). In control group, only chemotherapy was applied ( = 78). One-, two-, and three-year OS were 73.5, 25.1, and 7.2% in the main group and 39.6, 6.3, and 2.1% in the control group. The RFA application allowed us to reach the index of 4-year survival 1.8% in the main group, while we received only 2.1 of 3-year survival in the control group. The OS median reached 18 months in the main group and 11 months in the control group. So, the OS curves in two comparing groups were significantly different according to statistics (log-rank test 3.77, = 0.000). The application of RFA in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of bilobar metastasis colorectal cancer allows to improve the performance of disease-free survival and overall survival significantly, compared with the group of patients who received only chemotherapy.

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Background. Breast cancer (BC) is distinguished with its biological tumour subtypes as luminal A, B, HER2-positive and triple-negative. The current clinical guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health prescribe neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy as combined treatment in the HER2-positive cancer subtype. An adequate model for treatment efficacy prediction in such patients had been missing to date.Aim. Development of a mathematical model and its computer realisation for complete morphological regression estimation in patients with primary operable HER2-positive breast cancer.Materials and methods. Statistically significant predictors were estimated with the treatment outcome data on 103 HER2- positive breast cancer cases with neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy. A binary logistic regression model was developed to account for a dichotomous variable dependency on certain predictors.Results and discussion. Multivariate analysis laid out a mathematical model and software “Complete morphological regression estimation in primary operable EGFR-expressing breast cancer under neoadjuvant chemotherapy”. Our results attest that the program correctly automates a systematic estimation of complete morphological regression achieved prior to neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy and is clinically justified for optimising treatment regimens in primary operable HER2-positive BC.Conclusion. The mathematical model and computer program developed estimate the rate of complete morphological regression achieved prior to neoadjuvant targeted chemotherapy with a high 92 % sensitivity, 97.33 % specificity and 93.21% accuracy.

Цель нашего исследования-изучить клинические проявления полинейропатии у онкологических больных на фоне химиотерапии и возможность их фармакокоррекции препаратами витаминов группы В. Материал и методы. На первом этапе в период с мая по сентябрь 2017 года после периода скрининга методом последовательного включения в исследования вошло 219 пациентов (средний возраст 50,4±6,9 лет) из которых 105 (46,7%) женщин, проходящих курсы химиотерапии в Самарском областном онкологическом диспансере. Методом стандартного неврологического осмотра и опроса пациентов устанавливались клинические признаки полинейропатии: ее локализация, основные проявления, включая чувствительные и/или болевые расстройства. На II этапе проведена рандомизация лиц, имеющих клинические проявления нейропатии (n=60), на две группы: в 1-й (n=30) группе больные получали препараты группы витаминов В, во 2-й группе (n=30)-не получали витамины группы В. Длительность наблюдения составила 60 дней. Результаты. Установлено, что распространённость полинейропатии среди больных онкологического профиля, получающих химиотерапию, составляет 77,2%. Фенотип клинических проявлений, степень их выраженности, локализация, вероятно, обусловлены используемым химиотерапевтическим препаратом. Показана эффективность использования ступенчатой терапии препаратами группы В в аспекте уменьшения клинических проявлений полинейропатии.

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