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SUMMARYPredictions for two-dimensional, steady, incompressible flows under both laminar and turbulent conditions are presented. The standard k-c turbulence model is used for the turbulent flows. The computational method is based on the approximate factorization technique. The coupled approach is used to link the equations of motion and the turbulence model equations. Mass conservation is enforced by either the pseudocompressibility method or the pressure correction method. Comparison of the two methods shows a superiority of the pressure correction method. Second-and fourth-order artificial dissipation terms are used in order to achieve good convergence and to handle the turbulence model equations efficiently. Several internal and external test cases are investigated, including attached and separated flows.

In this paper an implicit projection method for the solution of the two‐dimensional, time‐dependent, incompressible Navier– Stokes equations is presented. The basic principle of this method is that the evaluation of the time evolution is split into intermediate steps. The computational method is based on the approximate factorization technique. The coupled approach is used to link the equations of motion and the turbulence model equations. The standard k‐ϵ turbulence model is used. The current methodology, which has been tested extensively for steady problems, is now applied for the numerical simulation of unsteady flows. Several cases were tested, such as plane or axisymmetric channels, a backward‐facing step, a square cavity and an axisymmetric stenosis.

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