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The article deals with the results of biochemical and biophysical search of hoof horn of clinically healthy cows and patients with purulent pododermatitis. It is known that the development of the inflammatory process in the area of the hoof, in particular, for purulent inflammation of the producing layer of the skin, affects not only the general condition of the organism of animals, but also the biochemical indices of the hoof horn of the cows. Thus, in the epidermis of cows hoof for purulent pododermatitis, there is a probable increase by 3.7% moisture content and by 26.8% -the concentration of SH-groups in the tendency to reduce the concentration of ash, fat and protein. These changes indicate a slowdown in the keratinization and accumulation process, as a result, in the hoof horn of the epidermis, excessive moisture content. It was found that other biochemical indices influence the state of the hoof horn, in particular, the concentration in the epidermis of the hemispheres of sulfur, keratoses, calcium. Thus, for purulent pododermatitis, the sulfur content decreases by 17.1%, calcium -12.3%, which indicates a deterioration of keratinization processes, which is confirmed by the redistribution of sulfur concentration in keratoses, namely an increase of 2.9% of the contents of a-keratosis and 3.7% was g-keratosis. In the process of keratinization, microelements, in particular copper and zinc, play an important role. For purulent inflammation of the producing layer of the skin of the cows hoof, a decrease in the concentration of these mineral substances is observed on 17.9 and 13.9%, respectively. Changes in the biochemical indices of the epidermis in the cows hoof for purulent pododermatitis also affected its biophysical properties. Thus, the density of the hoof horn was decreased by 7.3%, and the hardness by -2.5%. Consequently, purulent pododermatitis is accompanied by changes in certain biochemical and biophysical parameters of the hoof horn, which reflects the processes occurring in the epidermis of hoof and is one of the triggers of the development of inflammation of the skin of the cows hoof.

According to foreign researchers, mastocytoma is one of dogs' most common (7–12 %). The study aimed to study the features of clinical manifestations of cutaneous mast cells according to the criteria of clinical TNM classification and pathomorphological (cytological and histological) verification of neoplasia according to the two-stage Kiupel classification. We analyzed 24 cases of cutaneous mastocytoma in dogs. During 2016–2020 underwent an entire course of diagnostic and therapeutic measures in the Department of Surgery and Clinic of Small Pets of Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv. According to the criteria of the international clinical TNM classification at the time of admission to the clinic in 7 (29.2 %) dogs established stage I of the tumor, 10 (41.7 %) – II, 6 (25 %) – III, and 14.1 %) animals – stage IV. Based on cytological evaluation of biopsy material selected from tumors and regional lymph nodes, low-grade mastocyte was found in 17 (70.8 %) animals, and in 7 (29.2 %) cases, neoplasia was characterized as high-grade. Histological examination of excisive material selected during surgery in 16 (66.7 %) dogs verified mastitis of low malignancy and, accordingly, in 8 (33.3 %) animals MCTs of high malignancy. The sensitivity of the pathomorphological study was 87.5 % and the specificity of 95.8 %. It has been proven that cutaneous mastocytoma belongs to neoplasms with specific clinical manifestations. Therefore, targeted biopsy should be performed under ultrasound control, fine-needle biopsy (FNA), and material selection for the cytological examination. A comparative analysis of clinical TNM classification data and the results of two-stage histological classification (Kiupel) showed that the size of the tumor and the degree of its malignancy are interrelated, as there is a trend in which, along with increasing T, the clinical TNM classification of cancer, the number of cases of verification of malignant neoplasms is also growing. It was also found that the malignant course of the disease is characteristic of mast cells localized in dogs in areas of the body freely available for permanent injury (limbs, groin, perineum, neck). The obtained data will supplement the evidence of researchers from other countries on the histological structure of tumors and expand knowledge about the pathogenesis of mastocytoma in dogs.

The article deals the results of searches on the prevalence, etiological factors and pathogenic mechanisms of certain dental diseases in cats. The analysis of literary data of domestic and foreign scientists testifies, that among dental diseases in cats the largest group consists of periodontal diseases. The changed type of feeding, the imbalance of the ration, the lack of complete self-cleaning of the teeth lead to a decrease in the immunobiological reactivity of the organism. Incorrect bite, deformation of the teeth, parodontopathy, etc. cause an animal's discomfort, cause complications in the cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems. Periodontopathies are registered, for the most part, in adult cats. The etiological factors of periodontal diseases are local and general. The starting mechanism of the inflammatory process in the peritoneal tissues is a violation of the ratio of various associations of microorganisms, the balance of which depends on the presence of dental plaque and dental stone. The results of research of many scientists testify that periodontal diseases are accompanied by complicated and profound disorders at the morphological level, as well as systemic changes in metabolic, biochemical, immunological and endocrine reactions. In the absence of prevention, untimely diagnosis of periodontal disease and the treatment of dental sick cats irreversible changes in the dental system of animals are developed. Diseases of the oral cavity in cats is one of the main causes of loss of teeth, the emergence of deformations, the formation of chronic foci beyond the oral cavity and the development of various forms of somatic pathology. Therefore, to prevent the development of periodontal disease and their complications in cats it is necessary to develop effective measures for the prevention of diseases of the parolont, and for stomatologically sick animals - methods of treatment with the use of new medicinal substances.