Available data provide sufficient evidence that in men with alterations of the ejaculate, urogenital infections and inflammation have to be considered.

No abstract

Signs of infections and inflammation in the ejaculate of infertile men are common, and the relevance is often doubtful in spite of microbiological, spermatological and immunological facilities.

It was possible to obtain virtually age-independent reference values for testicular volume, epididymal head size and PSV of the testicular artery in adults. With regard to testicular volumetry, it is essential to consider which formula has been used, since the calculated volumes differ significantly from formula to formula.

Our prospective study has provided evidence that HPV is not usually present in the foreskin of boys with persistent phimosis after their first year of life and that topical glucocorticoid treatment failure is not associated with HPV or any specific histopathological changes.