Interaction between freshwater and saltwater is a natural phenomenon in river estuaries, with no exception for Jeneberang estuary. This interaction will affect the distribution of salinity. Due to the difference in the density of saltwater and freshwater, blending will occur in between the two types of fluids. In another perspective, the existence of a driving factor such as the tidal routines affects the level of salinity. The purpose of this research was to describe the distribution of salinity at Jeneberang River Estuary both on high and low tide conditions. The results show that the salinity in Jeneberang River estuary in high tide conditions is distributed to distance as far as 2.63 km from the mouth of the estuary, while at low tide conditions the distances reach 2.12 km to the upstream. The salinity would decrease in line with the increase of the distance towards the headwaters of the river. The Salinity would also decrease in the same trends with increasing distance towards the surface of the river. While the value of salinity between the high tide and low tide is not too significant at depth of 0.8H. This is caused by the difference in the depth of the River at each point of sampling and a low stream at low tide conditions, so that the salt sediment washed from the sea at high tide did not return at low tide. Based on water classification, the kind of water in the Jeneberang River estuary could be categorized as freshwater to brackish.
As a Maritim country, most of Indonesia’s population lives near the coast or estuary. The main problem felt by the community is sanitation, clean water. The utilization of groundwater is very limited in number because of the influence of seawater intrusion. On the other hand, excess freshwater from upstream is very abundant, especially around the estuary. However, the morphological condition of the river downstream or bay has a significant depth and dimension, so it requires expensive exploitation costs in using the water. One of the solutions that have been done currently to use the water as raw water for clean water is by building free intake around the estuary. Along with river utilization, problems have been found regarding intake capacity and sediment entering the intake beyond the expectation. As a result, it gives an excessive burden on the water treatment plant. This research is an experimental study conducted in the laboratory that aims to determine the distribution of sediment in free intake building. The aims of the research end up to get the most effective intake placement elevation in terms of the capacity and the amount of sediment entering the intake. As a result of this study, it can cope with the high sedimentation rates in the free intake building. The results showed that the minimum discharge to 0.5 lt/second in the intake high (h1) was 0.04 gr, while in the intake high (h3) was 0.01 gr. For the maximum discharge to 0.7 l/sec in the intake (h1) was 1.7 gr while in the intake high (h3) was 0.02 gr. The amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will be directly proportional to the fluid flow in the channel with the same slope and elevation. However, the amount of sediment that comes out through the intake will inversely proportional to the intake elevation, discharge, and the same slope.
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