Malnutrition among surgical patients is rather common problem. The degree and severity of malnutrition after surgery significantly correlates with the length of stay in the intensive care unit and surgical hospital, rate of infectious complications development, unsatisfactory results of treatment and increased costs. The presented clinical recommendations clarifies key methods for the prevention of development, diagnosis and treatment of the protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) syndrome in the pre and postoperative period. The choice of methods for diagnosis and PEM correction during the perioperative period is based on studies evaluated from the endpoints of evidence-based medicine. In applications, key quality criteria for treatment, as well as algorithms of actions in the preoperative and postoperative period are presented.

Objective. The incidence rate of tick-borne encephalitis in Perm Krai annually exceeds that in the Russian Federation by several times, and therefore, the aim of the study was to reveal the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the course of infection. Materials and methods. A continuous retrospective clinical and laboratory survey including 314 adult patients admitted to the Perm Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital in 2014-2019 was carried out. Results. The following features were revealed: the disease is diagnosed more often in persons over 41 years old, infection mainly occurs when visiting the forest and park areas. That is why, it is necessary to reduce the number of infection carriers. In every fifth patient, the disease is characterized by the development of an inapparent form, as well as mixed infection in association with pathogens circulating in ticks in the territory of Western Ural ticks. Conclusions. In 45.9 % of cases, the infection has a moderate and severe course, involving not only meninges but also the brain substances into the pathological process that requires early diagnosis and timely adequate therapy.

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Neonatal sepsis (NS) is the leading cause of mortality in premature newborns. It is a difficult diagnostic task for clinicians. This article provides a review of the literature on laboratory markers of NS. The latest methods for the diagnosis of sepsis in premature infants in various studies are considered in the article. The results of studying the diagnostic value of a general blood test, cytokines, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, prespepsin, microRNA polymorphism, bacterial blood culture, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as diagnostic significance – sensitivity, specificity, prognostic value of positive and negative results are presented.