This work deals with tautomeric transformations of uracil (Ura) and thymine (Thy) in their model complexes with the deprotonated carboxylic group. Essential changes in the UV spectra of the bases upon their interaction with NaAc, vanishing signals of both imino protons in (1)H NMR spectra, and a perceptible decrease in intensity of both IR bands, related to the stretching vibrations nu(C=O) of the carbonyl groups, imply involvement of enolic tautomers. Results of quantum chemical calculations of the double complexes of the Ura(Thy) tautomers with CH(3)COO(-) at the MP2/6-311++G(2df,pd)//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory proved to be incompatible with the spectral features: despite the fact that the complexes of the enolic tautomers are much closer in energy to the diketo ones as compared to isolated tautomers, the energy gap between them is such that in tautomeric equilibrium dominate diketo forms. Calculations of triple complexes of the type CH(3)COO(-):Ura(Thy) tautomer:Na(+), taking into account the effect of the Na(+) coordination with tautomers, show that three triple complexes formed by enolic tautomers appeared more stable than those formed by diketo ones. This makes the UV and (1)H NMR data understandable, but the high residual intensity of the nu(C=O) bands in the IR spectra remains unclear. At that ion, Na(+) itself was not able to disturb the tautomeric equilibrium in the coordination complexes of the type Ura(Thy) tautomer:Na(+). To evaluate the DMSO effect, the CPCM solvation model was applied to triple complexes of the Ura tautomers. It appeared that in the solution there is coexistence between the diketo and enolic tautomers in a ratio of 53%:47%. This makes possible reconciliation of our experimental data. The biological significance of high-energy tautomers of nucleotide bases is discussed.

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Dimers of cytosine and its N¹-methylated counterpart were investigated in gas-phase and in various solvents including chloroform, dimethylsulfoxide, and water. The studies were performed at DFT/M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Relative stabilities of tautomers of cytosine solvated explicitly by a small number of solvent molecules were evaluated. Further solvation effect calculations for homodimers were carried out with conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM). H-NMR shifts and IR frequencies for optimized structures were calculated and compared with available experimental data.