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To identify the effect of probiotic (PB) on cytokines profile in knee cartilage of rats with experimental osteoarthritis (OA). Methods. The animals of 1 st (Сontrol) and 3 rd (PB) groups got 50 µL of saline to both hind knees. The animals of 2 nd (MIA-OA) and 4 th groups (MIA-OA-PB) got single injection of 1 mg monoiodoacetate (MIA) dissolved in 50 µL of saline to knee, after which MIA-OA developed for 28 days. PB feeding [was] provided daily for 14 days during the MIA-OA progress. The levels of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, IGF-1) were measured in cartilage homogenates by [the] enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Biotrak ELISA System, GE Healthcare, USA). Results. MIA-OA caused [an] increase in the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, decreased the level of IGF-1 and did not change the level of IL-4, compared to Control. PB during MIA-OA increased the level of IGF-1, decreased the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, TGF-β, compared to MIA-OA, but did not reach the Control values (unlike IL-4 and IL-10 that equaled to Control). Conclusions. MIA-OA caused significant changes in the levels of studied cytokines in knee cartilage. An application of PB has positive local anti-inflammatory effect in cartilage tissue of rats with MIA-OA.

Background: Blood cytokines affect the development of inflammatory processes in both normal and pathological states. We have studied changes in the concentration of interleukins (ILs) - 1&#946;, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12B p40, transforming growth factor &#946; (TGF &#946;), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-&#945;) in acute carrageenan-induced inflammation and degenerative-dystrophic changes of knee joint caused by monoiodoacetate-induced Osteoarthritis (OA) in experimental models on rats. We also investigated the change in the cytokine profile during prophylactic and therapeutic administration of chondroitin sulfate to animals under experimental conditions. </P><P> Methods: The concentration of the cytokines was measured in blood serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The manifestation of articular lesions was characterized by a disturbance in the balance between proinflammatory (IL-1&#946;, IL-12B p40, TNF-&#945;) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10, TGF -&#946;) cytokines. Conclusion: A reduction in the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum after prophylactic and therapeutic administration of chondroitin sulfate to the rat with experimental models of acute inflammation of the hind limb and degenerative-dystrophic changes in the knee joint with OA is associated with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties of the drug.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread pathology of the musculoskeletal system. OA may associate with a wide range of disorders, that lead to the development of various strategies on how to prevent and treat the disease. recent studies discussed interactions between the microbiome and a wide range of pathologies, including OA. In this study, we investigated the effect of probiotic cultures on oxidative/antioxidant balance in blood of rats during OA. Experimental OA was induced by a single injection of sodium monoiodoacetate into the knee joint. A probiotic composition (Multiprobiotic Simbiter®) was administered by peroral catheter once per day for 14 days. We investigated the next parameters: expression of Nos2 gene in the blood, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione transferase activity, glutathione reductase activity, contents of superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, TBA-reactive compounds, oxidized and reduced glutathione in the serum of the blood. Monoiodoacetate-induced OA caused significant changes on oxidative/antioxidant balance in the blood of rats: increasing of the contents of superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, thiobarbituric acid-reactive compounds, oxidized glutathione, upregulating of Nos2 expression, increasing of catalase activity; conversely, superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione peroxidize activity, glutathione transferase activity, glutathione reductase activity, the content of reduced glutathione were significantly decreased, compared to control group. Administration of probiotics to animals with OA led to positive changes in the studied parameters approaching the values of control group (some of them were statistically significant). K e y w o r d s: experimental osteoarthritis, microbiome, free radical processes, glutathione.