This paper (1) describes a method for short-term, reproducible, quantitative measurement of the effects of experimental procedures on the migratory powers of reticuloendothelial cells in culture. Although splenic tissue was used in the preliminary work, the technique is adaptable for observations on mature and precursor motile cells in bone marrow and other organs.A 5-mm length of woven Fiberglas sleeving is prepared by repeated washing in xylol, alcohol, water, dilute HC1, NH4OH, and double-distilled water. Its lower 1.5 mm is made into a well-type receptacle by filling its interstices and the lower end with Diatex. (Diatex is a toluol solution of a transparent acrylic acid, plastic compound which hardens on drying and which can be autoclaved or sterilized in a heat oven. It has proved to be nontoxic in over 1200 tissue cultures. )The prepared sleeving is attached along its length to a piece of cover glass (Fig. 1). In the developmental stage of this project, half of a spleen from a 12day chick embryo, removed with the usual aseptic precautions, was used as test material. This piece of tissue is slipped into the open end of the Fiberglass sleeving, which with its attached cover glass is then placed in a Kahn tube containing 0.7 ml of supernatant, which consists of 0.25 percent human serum protein in Hanks' balanced salt solution. The Kahn tube is closed with a sterile serum-type rubber stopper containing a No. 20 hypodermic needle (fitted at its upper end with a cotton-plug bacterial filter).Any free, nonmigratory, dead or damaged cells from the fragment of tissue LO W o Z tq This paper (1) describes a method for short-term, reproducible, quantitative measurement of the effects of experimental procedures on the migratory powers of reticuloendothelial cells in culture. Although splenic tissue was used in the preliminary work, the technique is adaptable for observations on mature and precursor motile cells in bone marrow and other organs.A 5-mm length of woven Fiberglas sleeving is prepared by repeated washing in xylol, alcohol, water, dilute HC1, NH4OH, and double-distilled water. Its lower 1.5 mm is made into a well-type receptacle by filling its interstices and the lower end with Diatex. (Diatex is a toluol solution of a transparent acrylic acid, plastic compound which hardens on drying and which can be autoclaved or sterilized in a heat oven. It has proved to be nontoxic in over 1200 tissue cultures. )The prepared sleeving is attached along its length to a piece of cover glass (Fig. 1). In the developmental stage of this project, half of a spleen from a 12day chick embryo, removed with the usual aseptic precautions, was used as test material. This piece of tissue is slipped into the open end of the Fiberglass sleeving, which with its attached cover glass is then placed in a Kahn tube containing 0.7 ml of supernatant, which consists of 0.25 percent human serum protein in Hanks' balanced salt solution. The Kahn tube is closed with a sterile serum-type rubber stopper containing a No. 20 hypodermic needle (fitted ...

Introduction. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous inflammatory disease that can involve almost any organ system in the human body. It most frequently presents with pulmonary infiltrates, hilar lymphadenopathy, and skin lesions. Clinical and subclinical involvement of other organ systems is not uncommon. However, the simultaneous development of clinically apparent multisystem sarcoidosis is very rare. Case Description. This 44-year-old Caucasian man presented to an outpatient clinic with a 2-month history of fatigue, night sweats, weight loss, loss of appetite, and mild abdominal discomfort. Initial laboratory finding showed elevated liver enzymes. Imaging studies revealed cirrhotic liver with steatosis, few enhancing hepatic masses, and multiple enlarged periaortic and portocaval lymph nodes. Liver biopsy revealed scattered necrotizing granulomatous hepatitis. Positron emission tomography scan showed extensive hepatic uptake, diffuse lymphadenopathy, as well as numerous fluorodeoxyglucose-avid osseous lesions. After extensive workup to rule out malignancy and infectious etiologies, a diagnosis of diffuse multi-organ sarcoidosis was made. He was ultimately treated with methotrexate and steroids, resulting in marked improvement in symptoms and liver function, with stable disease on repeat imaging. Conclusion. Diffuse multi-organ sarcoidosis is often associated with widespread lymphadenopathy and osseous lesions, which appear indistinguishable from malignancy on imaging. The angiotensin converting enzyme levels and inflammatory markers may be normal. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of diffuse systemic sarcoidosis in any patient with a remote sarcoidosis history and the simultaneous development of multi-organ-related symptoms.

Hypercalcaemia, renal dysfunction, anaemia and bone lesions (CRAB) are a constellation of signs and symptoms that are collectively referred to as the CRAB features. When present together, multiple myeloma (MM) should be at the top of the differential diagnosis. We present a 69-year-old man who presented with severe body aches and bone pain in his ribs and pelvis, associated with fatigue and constipation. He was found to have hypercalcaemia, acute kidney injury, anaemia and numerous lytic lesion on chest imaging. Physical examination and imaging were unremarkable for any enlarged lymph nodes. The patient was initially suspected to have multiple myeloma, however, serum and urine protein electrophoresis, and serum free light chain assays were negative. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma based on a bone marrow biopsy. This case highlights the fact that presence of hypercalcaemia, renal dysfunction, anaemia and bone lesions are not usually specific for MM.

The apparatus and technique used in the preparation and observation of explants of brain tissue capable of producing spontaneous potentials in vitro are described. The magnitude and pattern of spontaneous potentials from explants of telencephalon of 15 day chick embryos (measured using external bare platinum electrodes) and some aspects of their "normal" behavior during 12 days in vitro are also described. No change was noted in these potentials with change of amplifiers, recorders, or electrodes. The response of the potentials to change in temperature and proportionate composition of the atmosphere around the explant was such as to suggest that the potentials arise as a result of a living process. The changes brought about by the administration of anesthetics, strychnine, brucine, and barbiturates were those that might be anticipated in a normal functional activity of the central nervous system. It is concluded that these potentials are a true physiological phenomenon and arise from living cells of the central nervous system. In 1959, spontaneous potentials were first demonstrated from explants of chick cerebellum in vitro (1). These potentials differ in magnitude and time parameters from previously reported, non-spontaneous, resting, and evoked potentials in nervous tissue (9-13). Since 1959, qualitative observations have been made on reactions of the spontaneous potentials from explants of telencephalon of 14 and 15 day chick embryos in response to various environmental changes (14-16). Representative examples of further series of such observations of the effect of environmental changes on these potentials are presented in this paper. The results to be described show that they represent a genuine biological phenomenon. A P P A R A T U SIn the culture tube (Fig. I), the explant (F) is placed between a 36 gauge metallic platinum electrode (B) and a cellulose sponge (G) both of which are attached to a IO6 5