No abstract

Synopsis Sixty pounds of nitrogen applied at seeding time gave higher yield increases on irrigated wheat than other rate or time of application. Nitrogen did not affect germination, number of spikes per head and number of kernels per spike. It increased highly significantly the number of tillers and mature heads per plant, and weight of 1,000 grains. It also increased nitrogen, moisture and potash content but decreased phosphorus and dry matter percentage. Number of kernels per head and fat and ash content were not affected.

Nitrification of urea and its loss through the volatilization of NH3 were studied under different soil conditions. Under all conditions less urea was nitrified and more time was needed for its nitrification in sandy than in sandy loam soil. Nitrification was favoured at lower concentration of urea, onethird moisture of the moisture-holding capacity and at neutrality or the alkaline pH.Loss of NH3 was found to be twice as much from the sandy loam as from the sandy soil. It was also found that half of the total loss occurred during first drying. Loss of NH3 from urea was found to be proportional to its concentration. The loss increased with the increase in soil moisture and temperature; but it decreased with the decrease in pH on the acid side and the increase in depth of its placement.

Background: Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Urb.) is a typical plant of Kalimantan which is traditionally used by the Dayak community as a medicinal plant. Dayak onion bulbs have been proven had many pharmacology activities. Objective: This study aims to determine the nonspesific and specific parameters of 70% ethanol extract of Eleutherine bulbosa Urb. Total flavonoids was also quantified Methods:. Eleutherine bulbosa Urb was extracted with maseration method used etanol 70 % as solvent. Determination of non-spesific includes by determined specific gravity, water content, total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, residual sovents, heavy metanol contamination, microbial contamination, mold and yeast contamination. Determination of specific parameters included extract identity, organoleptic extract, water/ethanol soluble content, chromatography profile. Total flavonoid content were quantified with colorimetric method. Results: there were no significance difference between nonspesific and specific parameters Eleutherine bulbosa Urb from three different locations. Measurement of total phenol content and total flavonoid content respectively form South Borneo were ; 6,499 ± 0,5248 mg QE/g extract, from central borneo were 7,585 ± 0,0437 mgQE/g extract, and from east borneo were 5,035 mg ± 0,3887 mgQE/g extract. Conclusion: it can be concluded that bulbs of Eleutherine bulbosa Urb from three locations have characters to similar between each other and bulbs of Eleutherine bulbosa Urb form central borneo had the highest total flavonoid content.

Synopsis Ammonium nitrogen gave much better rice yields than nitrate nitrogen. Calcium cyanamide and urea were also more effective than nitrate nitrogen. Nitrate nitrogen applied just before heading proved more beneficial to rice than that applied at the early stage of plant growth. Generally, ammonium sulphate increased rice yields more than the other nitrogen fertilizers tested.