Imidacloprid (1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imidazol-2-amine, 1) is a new insecticide which is useful for the protection of sugar beet from soil insects (Atomaria, Blaniulus, Agriotes and Pegomya) and leaf insects (aphids). It is applied in pelleted seed dressing. It is a systemic compound which is absorbed by the plant. In the leaves, it gives a long lasting (3 to 4 months) protection against aphids and the virus yellows infections. The metabolism of 14 C-imidacloprid was investigated in plant cell suspension cultures (Koester 1992). The main metabolites corresponded to imidacloprid hydroxylation

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Recent organic fertilizer treatments (cow manure, pig slurry, composts, or green manure) simultaneously increase insecticide adsorption onto soil and the insecticide soil persistence, indicating a mechanism of slow release of insecticide into soil by the organic matter. This occurred in sugar beet crops with aldicarb, thiofanox and imidacloprid; also, in leek, cauliflower and brussels sprouts crops with chlorpyrifos and chlorfenvinphos. In contrast, organic fertilizer treatments applied once or repeatedly in the past, have no significant influence on adsorption or persistence of insecticides; the same is observed for the old soil organic matter, when its soil concentrations change in limited ranges

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