Objectives. Dengue has become the most important endemic disease in Brazil. The Amazonian state of Roraima has one of the highest incidence rates of dengue in the country. The objective of this study was to determine whether significant temporal relationships exist between the number of reported dengue cases and short-term climate measures for the city of Boa Vista, the capital of Roraima. If such relationships exist, that suggests that it may be possible to predict dengue case numbers based on antecedent climate, thus helping develop a climatebased dengue early-warning system for Boa Vista. September 1998-December 2001 and certain meteorological variables (thermal, hydroclimatic, wind, atmospheric pressure, and humidity) up to 25 weeks before. Two-sample t tests were also applied to test for statistically significant differences between samples of daily dengue cases with above-average values and samples with below-average values for three-variable meteorological combinations. These multivariate combinations consisted of the three climate measures that together explained the greatest portion of the variance in the number of dengue cases for the particular season. Results. The strength of the individual averaged correlations varied from weak to moderate. The correlations differed according to the period of the year, the particular climatic variable, and the lag period between the climate indicator and the number of dengue cases. The seasonal correlations in our study showed far stronger relationships than had daily, full-year measures reported in previous studies. Two-sample t tests of multivariate meteorological combinations of atmospheric pressure, wind, and humidity values showed statistically significant differences in the number of reported dengue cases. Conclusions. Relationships between climate and dengue are best analyzed for short, relevant time periods. Climate-based multivariate temporal stochastic analyses have the potential to identify periods of elevated dengue incidence, and they should be integrated into local control programs for vector-transmitted diseases. Methods. Seasonal Pearson product-moment correlations were developed between 3-week running averages of daily numbers of reported dengue cases for

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

The spotted oriental cucumber beetle E.chrysomelina (F.) is an important pest which feeds on many vegetable crops. It attacks plants specially members of the family Cucurbitaceae like pumpkin, sweet gourd, bittergourd, cucumber, Cucumis mello, Cucurbita pepoand Citrullus lanatus (Talhoq, 1982). According to the Maps of Plant Pests of 1980 and 1990 the spread of E. chrysomelina was the scope of many of the cities of the world. The temperature is the main factor in the activity and behavior of many insects. It helps in distribution and development of the spread of insects as well as there is a clear impact in the growth and the impact of different heat-swing. The various temperatures have significant impact on