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The developments in technology and communication networks have enabled the possibility of establishing virtual and remote labs, providing new opportunities for students on campus and at a distance overcoming some of the limitations of hands-on labs. The impact of innovations on students' performance can be analyzed statistically by looking at specific skills or indicators, respectively. This paper addresses the lack of empirical evidence supporting electronics education innovations in three practical teaching methods, namely, hands-on, simulation, and online remote real labs. The paper reports on the application of a methodology that takes into account the interaction between students and teachers at different levels of abstraction to evaluate a DC motor laboratory practice, on 150 students at the Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal in Morocco. In this work the students' attitudes towards a specific practical method depend on its usefulness, usability, motivation and quality of understanding; these parameters were measured using a questionnaire that considers the relationship between the student, the teacher and the practical work environment. The data collected in each type of experiment environment were was tabulated and analyzed by statistical methods. The results validate the students' satisfaction towards the environments of practical works and identify some aspects that need to be improved in future works.

<p class="0abstract">Practical manipulations are a core part of engineering training education systems. Remote labs are a new method used for teaching and practicing experimental manipulation using the performance of information and communication technologies. This paper presents a study of two remote labs architecture using low cost embedded systems that could be addressed to the 3rd year bachelor degree students on renewable energy and others on electronics courses. The first manipulation is based on Arduino microcontroller to monitor an irrigation system powered by photovoltaic panels. In addition, the second manipulation uses a powerful PcDuino, to control remotely a logic electronic experience. A simple interface is developed to allow students and instructors to access to these manipulations. This study is aimed to improve the present education systems in the Moroccan universities by managing the practical manipulation for a large number of students, especially in the open-access faculties. Finally, this architecture can be easily extended to other disciplines and courses.</p>

The courses and disciplines in the exact sciences are based on practical work (PW) which complements the theoretical teaching. Remote Labs are a recent approach used for educating experimental manipulations by using the performance of information and communication technologies. This work aims to propose the design of an IoT system allowing several remote manipulations in analog electronics. This solution is mainly based on the Red Pitaya STEMLab board, in particular for communication and remote control for measurements and data acquisition through different protocols. The low-cost system provides an intelligent selection between the different integrated practical works on a developed board, as well as other ones carried out externally as extensions according to the professor's needs. The analysis of the integrated manipulations was done taking into account the minimum latency of the remote control as well as its portability to save time, space, and money without loss of quality and quantity. The presented results relate to a PW of analog electronics, a “RC charging and discharging circuit” has been considered for a comparison of this Remote system with the same PW performed by the classical method "hands-on laboratory". Our purpose in this study is the development of a control system to maximize the available resource as well as to improve self-learning ability in the electronic field.

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