Nowadays, children learn a lot from games, in other word these games have a constructive and educative aspect. There has been a progress in science and technology and this progress changes the people's way of living. This development and progress also change the teaching and learning method. According to these changes, a new generation of educational tools has been designed to help the student to learn in a modern method. In general, the games are used as effective educational tools for enhancing the learning and comprehension of complex issues. The purpose of this research is the efficiency of educational games on mathematics learning of second elementary students of Tehran. This study adapted descriptive-survey method and collect data by questionnaire. Statistical population of this study is the female second student of Tehran elementary schools. 30 students have been selected as sample.These 30 students were divided into two groups of 15, one group is experiment group and the other is the control group. SPSS software was used to analyze data. Results showed that the educational games influence the motivation and mathematics learning of female second elementary students and enhance their intelligence quotient (IQ).

Background: Working in a hospital involves a lot of long-term stress, which affects people who work in helping professions and are immersed in others’ problems. The present study aimed to determine the relationships between psychological capital, mental health, and health anxiety with psychological vulnerability through the mediating role of emotional processing and perceived social support in nurses working in COVID-19 wards in Shiraz City, Iran, in 2021. Methods: This research is a correlational study using structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample size included 200 nurses from the COVID-19 unit of hospitals in Shiraz. The samples were selected through multistage random sampling. Accordingly, five hospitals in Shiraz were selected randomly, and then, 200 nurses were selected from their COVID-19 unit. The research instruments included the psychological vulnerability scale, the general health questionnaire-28, the psychological capital questionnaire, the health anxiety questionnaire, the emotional processing scale, and the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. The data were analyzed in AMOS-25 using SEM and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The SEM showed that the proposed model fitted the data well. The direct paths from perceived social support, psychological capital, emotional processing, and mental health to psychological vulnerability were negative and significant (P<0.01). The relationships of health anxiety with psychological vulnerability and perceived social support, emotional processing with mental health, and psychological capital with perceived social support were all positive and significant (P<0.01). There was no significant direct relationship between health anxiety and perceived social support and between psychological capital and emotional processing. Conclusion: Psychological capital and emotional processing played effective roles in reducing nurses’ psychological vulnerability and could thus be used to mitigate psychological damages caused by working during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Nurses working in COVID -19 units during the pandemic are more likely to be psychologically vulnerable. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological vulnerability and psychological capital and health anxiety through the mediating role of emotional processing in nurses working in the COVID- 19 units during the pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, correlational study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the research was all nurses working in the COVID-19 units of Shiraz City, Iran in 2021. Five hospitals in Shiraz were randomly selected and then, 200 nurses were selected from their COVID-19 units through multistage random sampling. The data were collected by Symptom CheckList-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI), and the Emotional Processing Scale (EPS), and analyzed by AMOS-25 using SEM and Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: The results of the SEM suggested that the proposed model fits the data. The results showed a direct relationship between health anxiety and psychological vulnerability (β=0.49; P=0.011). Moreover, there was a negative relationship between psychological capital and psychological vulnerability (β=-0.53; P=0.002), emotional processing and psychological vulnerability (β=-0.67; P=0.031), and health anxiety and emotional processing (β=-0.48; P=0.001). The direct path of psychological capital and emotional processing was not confirmed and eliminated from the final model. According to the results, there was a significant indirect path from health anxiety to psychological vulnerability through the mediating role of emotional processing (P=0.001). Conclusion: Psychological capital and emotional processing could reduce the psychological disturbances caused by working in COVID-19 during the pandemic. Therefore, increasing nurses’ psychological capital and improving their emotional processing skills are suggested.

The aim of this study was to explain the effectiveness of the model of established methods in autism (functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snowlen, and Dosa) based on the level of attention in children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretestposttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran in public and private educational and rehabilitation centers in 2018. By available sampling method, 48 people were selected and randomly divided into 4 intervention groups by applied behavior analysis method. , Snozelen, dosa and control group were divided. Data were collected based on the Connors Scale Scale (Parent Form) (1999), a modified review checklist, and the Wechsler intelligence test. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to eliminate the pretest effect using SPSS software was used. Findings: The results showed that all three methods of functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa had a significant effect on increasing attention compared to the control group. Also, ABA applied behavior analysis method had a greater effect on improving attention in the three measurement stages than the other two experimental groups. Conclusion:The findings of the study showed that the use of these interventions and educational programs as a method in improving and rehabilitating children with this disorder is useful, so the use of this method is recommended. The results showed that the difference between the analysis of functional behavior of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa with the control group was significant at the level of 0.05, so it can be said that all three methods of functional behavior analysis of ABA, Snozlen and Dosa compared to the control group had a significant effect on increasing attention.