Objective(s): This study aims at determining the effectiveness of an educational program on knowledge of high school students' knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences, and to find out the association between students’ knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences and their demographic data of age, socioeconomic status, and educational level of parents.Methodology: A quasi-experimental study is conducted for the period of October 28th, 2019 to March 30th, 2020. The study sample included a nonprobability “purposive” sample of (124) male students (62) students for the control group and (62) students for the study group, aged (14-19) years who are selected from Al-Hikma High School for Boys in Kirkuk City, Iraq. A self-report questionnaire is used for data collection which has included three parts; the first part deals with the students' demographic information, the second part includes students' knowledge about substances and the third part is about students' knowledge of the health effects of substance abuse.Results: The study results reveal that there is a significant difference in students' knowledge about substance abuse and its health consequences between the post-test knowledge score of the study group. There is no significant relationship between students'' knowledge and their demographic variables of age, parents’ education, and socio-economic status.Recommendations: The study recommends that providing of an educational program about substance abuse and their consequences as part of the curriculum in high schools is essential and encouraging collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Environment and the Ministry of Education to prevent substance abuse among students.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto calendario del mes sagrado de Ramadán sobre el volumen de operaciones y los rendimientos anormales en el mercado de capitales iraní durante los años 2009 a 2019 durante 10 años en la bolsa de valores. El presente estudio se considera aplicado en términos de propósito y correlación en términos de método descriptivo. Además, se utilizó el modelo de panel de datos para investigar la relación entre las variables. De acuerdo con los resultados, la variable coeficiente del efecto del mes sagrado de Ramadán sobre el volumen de negociación tiene un nivel significativo de 0.441, por lo tanto, considerando que este valor es mayor que el nivel alfa de la investigación, que es igual a 0.05, por lo tanto, no se rechaza esta hipótesis (cero) de que la variable del efecto del Ramadán no es efectiva sobre la variable de volumen de comercio. Por tanto, el efecto del calendario del mes sagrado sobre el volumen de transacciones no es significativo. Según los resultados la variable coeficiente del efecto del Ramadán y el retorno de la acción tiene un nivel significativo de 0.000, por lo que considerando que este valor es menor que el nivel alfa de la investigación, que es igual a 0.05, por lo tanto, esta hipótesis (cero) que la variable de efecto Ramadán D01 no afecta la rentabilidad de las acciones en Irán, se rechaza.
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