BackgroundAerva javanica (Burm. f.) Juss. ex Schult. (Amaranthacea) is traditionally used for the treatment of wound healings, cough, diarrhoea, ulcer and hyperglycaemia. The current study was aimed to fractionate and isolate bioactive compounds and ultimately to evaluate their anti-ulcereogenic potential.ResultsIn order to achieve these aims, the fractionation, purifications and then biological potential determination of the isolated compounds was carried out. For purification purpose, initially extraction of the plant material was done with aqueous MeOH in the order of increasing polarity by using solvent-solvent extraction method. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of three compounds, 3-hydroxy-4 methoxybenzaldehyde (1), ursolic acid (2) and (E)-N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-ethoxyphenyl) acryl amide (3). Inhibition of urease activity of various fractions revealed that ethyl acetate fraction showed significant activity (P <0.05) as compared to other fractions. (E)-N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-ethoxyphenyl) acryl amide (3) showed marked anti ulcer activity (P <0.05).ConclusionThese results suggested the mild potential of A. javanica against ulcer.

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The Public Relations is becoming more demanding with the diverse practices during recent years. An organization is considered stronger because of effective PR. PR experts are working to enhance the effectiveness of an organization while eliminating the deficiencies of PR which directly affects the organizational strength. This paper aims to explore how effectively public relations build image of its organization, how it gratify its public, refining its policies on the basis of active feedback. Specifically, the purpose was to measure the relationship among organization, employees and its publics. The data was collected through survey method from Coca Cola Pakistan via closed ended questionnaire and taking into account the influence of public opinion. This study concludes with the importance of the prime position of public relations in an organization and its publics in constructing a quality relation and a good image.

Targeting first neighbours and adding interactive protein to investigate the direct and indirect influence of neighbour genes is an important novel technique used in cancer studies. Weighing neighbour genes on the basis of topological analysis methods for essential proteins identification and multi-omics data is useful in predicting significant interactions in such investigations. A similar approach can also be adopted to help target specific genes in photosynthetic research, especially under stress conditions like low CO2 and the transformation of plants from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. In this study, a computational approach has been used to identify two Genes i.e. 2-cys peroxiredoxin A, (2CPA; AT3G11630/BAS1) and 2-cysteine peroxiredoxin B (2CPB: AT5G06290) that may regulate Carbonic anhydrase during CO2 fixation process during photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. We have retrieved almost one hundred genes in the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network of Carbonic anhydrase and identified the hub proteins in the network using Cyto-Hubba and AraNet gene prioritization tools to show significant interactions of essential proteins with CA. In the top thirty-four (34) essential proteins, the GeneMania web tool predicted direct interactions among six proteins i.e. Photosystem I P subunit (CURT1B: AT2G46820), Photosystem I subunit l (PSAL: AT4G12800), Ferredoxin-NADP[+]-oxidoreductase 1 (FNR1:AT5G66190), ATPase (F0 complex subunit B/B' (PDE334:AT4G32260), Glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator-like protein (TPT; AT5G46110) and Photosystem I subunit H2 (PSAH2; AT1G52230) that were participating in the same biological process and are found in the chloroplast. Upon addition of interactor protein, BAS1 and 2CPB were also found to have significant interactions with CA on the basis of multi-omics data. GO Biological process enrichment analysis confirmed that six genes are involved in photosynthesis except for BAS1 and 2CPB. These genes may interact with CA and possibly regulate it under high temperature and low CO2 conditions.

The study aimed to explore TV News Journalists’ perspectives regarding freedom of expression and social responsibility in Pakistan and how these journalists practice it in their profession. Moreover, factors influencing these practices were also inquired. Employing an exploratory research design, 10 semi-structured interviews with TV News Journalists were conducted. Thematic analysis of interviews revealed that TV News Journalists are well aware of the role of freedom of expression and social responsibility in coverage of socio-political issues. In the present situation, they are unable to practice journalism with responsibility as News Channels compete with TRP and Breaking News. Authentication of news suffers in this context. Journalists are unable to practice their freedom of expression and social responsibility as they cannot go against organizational policies. It seems as if they are doing jobs only without fulfilling their journalistic responsibilities in true spirit. They face certain pressures while covering socio-political issues. These pressures are organizational policies, political parties, religious groups, personal political and religious affiliations and the financial status of Journalists. Government and state institutions also try to influence the freedom of expression and social responsibility of media. Resultantly the objectivity of News content gets compromised. PEMRA established to regulate the electronic media, appeared to be failed in doing so. Compromised freedom of expression and social responsibility is becoming a source of political polarization in society. Keywords: Freedom of Expression, Social Responsibility, Pakistani Media, PEMRA, Journalistic Perspectives and Practices