Background COVID-19 pandemic is a major strain on health and economic systems, with rapidly increasing demand for in patients’ facilities. Disease diagnosis and estimating patients at higher risk is important for the optimal management during the pandemic. This study aimed to identify the predictors of mortality and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2020 and August 2020 at Al-Noor Specialist Hospital in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. All patients who were admitted and had a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patients’ demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes. Multiple logistic/linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of death and length of stay at the hospital. Results A total of 706 patients were hospitalised for COVID-19. The mean age was 48.0 years (SD: 15.6 years). More than half of the patients (68.5%; n= 292) were males. The median duration of stay at the hospital was 6.0 days (IQR: 300–10:00). The prevalence rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among the patients was 3.0% (n= 21). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (AOR: 1.05; 1.02–1.09), patients with end-stage renal disease (AOR: 6.44; 2.20–18.87), low Oxygen saturation SPO2 (AOR: 9.92; 4.19–23.50), D.dimer >0.5 (AOR: 13.31; 5.45–32.49), ESR>10 mm/h (AOR: 4.08; 1.72–9.68), Ferritin>400mcg/L (AOR: 18.55; 6.89–49.96), and Procalcitonin>0.5ug/L (AOR: 8.23; 1.81– 37.40) were associated with a higher risk of death among patients with COVID-19. Patients with VTE (AOR: 12.86; 3.07– 53.92) were at higher risk of death due to COVID-19. Conclusion Hospitalised COVID-19 patients have multiple negative consequences in terms of their laboratory findings, signs and symptoms. Age and end-stage renal diseases have a significant impact on the mortality rate and the length of hospital stay among COVID-19 patients.

Background and Aims: Imposter syndrome (IS) is defined by a persistent feeling of self-doubt combined with fear of being exposed as a fraud, despite objective measures of success, which threatens mental health and well-being. The prevalence and severity of IS have not been studied among surgical and medical residents on a large scale. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of IS among surgical and medical residents in Makkah hospitals, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed by using the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) on surgical and medical residents in Makkah hospitals. A total of 207 residents were collected by using an online version. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 24. Results: 207 residents fulfilling the inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. Only 3.9% of residents had a low level of imposter characteristics, 45.9% had a moderate level, 47.3% had a high level, while 2.9% had intense imposter feelings. In addition, high to intense imposter feelings were detected among 54.4% female residents compared to 42.3% of males. Surgical residents and residents in their first years of residency showed insignificantly higher imposter feelings than others (51%, 61.5% for R2 residents; P> 0.05 for all). All other factors were insignificantly affecting the resident’s imposter syndrome score. Conclusions: Imposter syndrome is prevalent among surgical and medical residents and was significantly higher in females than males in Makkah city hospitals, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine pathology. According to the World Health Organization, non-compliance patients, especially with long-term medication prescriptions for diabetes, have become a serious healthcare concern. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in the western region of Saudi Arabia from February to April 2022. The online questionnaire distributed through social media included questions on compliance among diabetic patients attending a primary health center. We entered the data automatically into an Excel spreadsheet and used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for the analysis. Results: We surveyed 526 diabetic patients from western Saudi Arabia. Participants aged more than 50 years old represented the majority of responses (36.1%). Most of the participants had type 2 DM (52.85%). Moreover, most diabetic patients complied with diabetic clinics. Conclusion: Our findings show an adequate level of diabetic patients' compliance. Future studies must address the related influencing factors for non-compliance patients to enhance patients' health outcomes.

Background: Due to the increased use of digital devices and advanced technology in the last year, digital eye strain is a significant health problem leading to serious complications if it is not well managed. Our study surveyed students from schools and universities in western Saudi Arabia. We compared the prevalence and associated factors of DES among students. Methodology: A survey-based study was carried out among students in western schools and Umm Al-Qura University between September 2021 and October 2021. Results:The total student's number in the current study was 347. Their mean age was 1.66 ± 0.47 years. Overall, 198 (57.1%) participants were males, and 149 (42.9%) were females. Furthermore, 176 (50.7%) participants were university students, while 171 (49.3%) were school students. Conclusions: out of DES symptoms; headache, blurred vision, and shoulders pain shows a significant association correlated with participants' gender (P-values, 0.000, 0.002, and 0.000, respectively), while the only symptom of eye dryness shows significant association associated with participants' educational level (P-values, 0.001).

Background & Aims: Hypoglycemia is a serious medical crisis requiring immediate recognition and action to avoid morbidity and mortality. It happens when blood glucose level drops less than 70 mg/dl. Understanding the prevention practice of hypoglycemia, particularly in diabetic patients is a significant element to have a better hypoglycemia prognosis and treatment. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the knowledge and prevention practice of hypoglycemia and its associated factors among DM patients in Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire in Makkah city population, Saudi Arabia. A total of 600 diabetic patients were collected by using an online version. The collected data and variables were measured by SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 600 diabetic patients, the predominant age group was above 45 years 285 (47.5%). Regarding gender, the majority were females 303 (50.5%). Most of the participants were urban citizens 480 (80%). Approximately half of the patients had type 1 diabetes 301 (50.2%) and 346 (57.7%) of the participants had the illness for more than 5 years. Concerning, the knowledge about hypoglycemia, most of the subjects reported good knowledge 410 (68.3%) like the hypoglycemia prevention practice which revealed that 371 (61.8%) documented good practice. Conclusion: Despite diabetic patients with sufficient knowledge of hypoglycemia and the strong correlation with good prevention practice. There was a knowledge gap in hypoglycemia prevention. Therefore, we recommend offering consultation for diabetic patients during their visits regarding hypoglycemia. For the significant points to improve their prevention practice.