Jasonia glutinosa (rock tea), also known as Chiliadenus glutinosa Cass., is a medicinal plant growing in the Mediterranean Basin. It is used for the treatment of depression, gastrointestinal complaints, inflammations, appendicitis, colds, and respiratory disorders. The current study is the first report for the plant species growing in Libya and aims to investigate the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities of the plant’s aqueous ethanolic extract. The phytochemical investigation was conducted by the spectrophotometric quantitative assay and the LC-MS analysis. The analysis revealed the presence of 14.67 and 46.72 mg/g of the total phenolics and flavonoids equivalent to gallic acid and rutin, respectively. A total of thirty compounds of phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified by the LC-MS analysis, with a total relative percentage of 18.69%. The analysis revealed the dominance of methoxylated flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives, including caffeoylquinic acids. The in vitro antioxidant assays showed 265.55, 513.32, and 27.10 μM Trolox eq/mg of extract in the ABTS, ORAC, and FRAP assays, respectively. Cancer cell growth inhibitions of 9.23, 11.42, and 34.01% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL against MCF-7, HepG2, and PANC-1 cell lines were obtained, which is considered a weak cytotoxic effect when compared to the standard anticancer agent, doxorubicin (DOX). No antimicrobial activity was noticed for the plant extract against all tested microorganisms, i.e., Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The weak antimicrobial effect of the plant did not support the claim of traditional use of the plant as an antimicrobial agent.

The present study examined some natural active compounds contained in the Libyan Arbutus pavarii Pampan. shrub that might be used as natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2, the responsible causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A molecular docking method was employed to find out the capability of the selected molecules to interact with the virus main protease. Seven flavonoids from twenty-seven compounds belonging to different classes showed a remarkable ability to bind to the main protease of the novel coronavirus. The descending order of compounds with the highest binding affinity was as follows: Saponarin, Rutin, Delphinidin3-rutinoside, Neodiosmin, Kampferol-3-O-ß-D-rutinoside, Isoquercetin, and Hyperoside. The outcomes have provided a clear insight into the structure-activity relationship of Mpro targeting agents and may assist the future design of new drug candidates for the disease.

The Plants of the genus Fagonia have been broadly utilized as adjunctive therapy, to treat several conditions involving high fever, diabetes, asthma, stoma chache, dental pain, and renal problems using their aqueous extracts as medicines. This genus is a valuable source that comprises a variety of Triterpenes, flavonoids, and Saponins. The herbal chemistry as well as the biological action of Fagonia species have been a candidate for many researchers. The in vivo pharmacological screening of their extracts has manifested some other significant properties such as cytotoxic and anti-cancer activity. This review study has gathered the important research that has been carried out on the species that grow in Libya. It includes an exhaustive survey of literature about the medicinal value and the bioactivities of various extracts obtained from these Fagonia species using references from major databases.

Aims: This research is focused on the in vitro evaluation of Cistus salviifolius L. antimicrobial properties and the determination of the contents of phenols and flavonoids. Study Design: This research is analytical study aimed to illustrate the antimicrobial properties and to analyze the methanolic extract contents of aerial parts of Cistus salviifolius L. by high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. Duration: The study was performed within six months in the Faculty of Pharmacy, Benghazy University. Methodology: Antimicrobial properties was tested against twelve organisms using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion sensitivity test and the determination of the contents of phenols and flavonoids was evaluated by running high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. Results: The findings indicated that catechin is the most abundant flavonoid in C. salviifolius, while gallic acid was the major phenol in the methanolic extract of the plant. The results also revealed that the methanol extracts had a significant antimicrobial potential particularly against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli with MIC (0.98 and 0.49) µg/ml respectively, furthermore the extract was effective against Aspergillus fumigatus with MIC 0.98 µg/ml.       Conclusion: C. salviifolius was highly rich with flavonoids and phenols and has a significant antimicrobial effect.