Abstract:As a consequence of increasing safety concerns, camera surveillance has been widely adopted as a way to monitor public spaces. One of the major challenges of camera surveillance is to design an optimal method for camera network placement in order to ensure the greater possible coverage. In addition, this method must consider the landscape of the monitored environment to take into account the existing objects that may influence the deployment of such a network. In this paper, a new Voronoi-based 3D GIS oriented approach named "HybVOR" is proposed for surveillance camera network placement. The "HybVOR" approach aims to achieve a coverage near 100% through three main phases. First, a Voronoi Diagram from buildings' footprints is generated and cameras are placed on the Voronoi Edges. Second, the level of coverage is assessed by calculating a viewshed based on a raster Digital Surface Model of the region of interest. Finally, the visibility of the main buildings' entrances is evaluated based on a 3D vector model that contains these features. The effectiveness of the "HybVOR" approach is demonstrated through a case study that corresponds to an area of interest in Jeddah Seaport in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The bacterial resistance increases day after day augmenting the need for the discovery of new generations of antibiotics, particularly those belonging to the natural origin. During our study, sixty clinical specimens, 11 bacterial isolates (18%) were preliminarily identified as their behavior on blood agar medium, MacConkey agar medium, and Gram stain. A susceptibility test was performed using 16 different antibacterial discs, and P. aeruginosa aeruginosa toward three different antibacterial drugs which are commonly prescribed in the Egyptian medical was estimated, and regretfully the activity of selected dru antibacterial agent and fortunately, it exhibited a promising result. Combinations of bee venom and drugs were made and evaluated, a synergistic effect was easily observed. MIC and characterization of bee venom was performed. aeruginosa, and when it was combined with antibacterial drugs, it gave a Subsequently, the dose administrated and the side effects would be minimized via combined therapy.

The orthometric height has an essential role in a variety of civil engineering projects and it is defined as the length of the curved plumbline from a point (on the earth surface) to its intersection with the geoid surface. Leveling process is considered as the most accurate technique for obtaining these heights. However, regardless of its potentials, it is tedious, costly, and time consuming. Recently many organizations and research centers have developed multi Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) depending on several types of available gravity and height datasets to estimate orthometric heights from GNSS measurements. In this study, we present an evaluation and assessment of the accuracy of five of recent and popular GGMS: XGM2016, XGM2019e, EIGEN-6C4, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6e, and EGM2008 using actual 145 GNSS/leveling points and 96 terrestrial gravity points. The goal of this research is to find the best fit model along the study area located along the coastal zones of Egypt with distances of about 1,970 km for further determination of geoid modeling at regional scale. The selection of these areas basically was due to their developmental, urban, and economical importance and their continuous need for protection works to fight against the coastal erosion caused by climate change and global warming. The results indicated that for geoid undulation, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6e model is the best fit GGM for the estimation of geoid model along Mediterranean Sea coastal line, while XGM2019e_2159 model is the best suitable for coastal line of the Red Sea. And regarding the gravity anomalies, the most reliable GGMs for this study area are XGM2019e_2159 and EIGEN-6C4 for Bouguer and free-air gravity anomaly, respectively.

Telescopic systems constructed using computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) can overcome many drawbacks associated with conventionally constructed ones. Since retention is considered the most important function of these retainers, this scoping review aimed to discuss and summarize the parameters that affect this function in CAD/CAM-manufactured telescopic crowns and to compare their retention force values with the recommended retention force. An electronic search was done in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases using different keyword combinations to find the related articles. Seventeen articles that follow the eligibility criteria for this review were selected and analyzed for detection of each of the tested parameters and their effect on retention force. The parameters tested in these articles were divided into parameters related to design, manufacturing, material type, and test condition. Regardless of the effect of these parameters, the retention force values recorded in most of the selected studies laid within or were higher than the recommended retention force (2.5–10 N), which indicated the need to design and set the combination of materials of telescopic systems according to oral biomechanics.

Digital Surface Models (DSMs) are commonly built using data collected via remote sensing techniques such as aerial photogrammetry, LiDAR, and InSAR. DSM accuracy mainly depends upon the type of data used beside the methodology followed. The highest accuracy can be achieved when using a land surveying data which takes more time and costs a lot. The objective of this study is to present a quick approach for constructing high resolution DSM for road elements based on land surveying data. This approach is called Field-To-Finish (FTF), it is a process of converting surveying data into final graphical files based on the characteristics of the points and the accompanying code. To illustrate the proposed approach and assess the accuracy comparing with the traditional method, a case study was presented. We found that the FTF is superior to the traditional method on more than one level. The number of observed points, the time for surveying field work and for drafting were reduced. The methodology adopted in this study for obtaining DSM has proven to produce a digital model which is suitable for production engineering charts of scale 1: 100 that can be used in many scientific and practical applications related to civil infrastructure.