<p>This paper demonstrates a mathematical representation of Photovoltaic (PV) solar cells and hence panels performance. One-diode solar cell model is implemented to simulate the cell and extract the performance indications. The tested PV modules are BP Solar (60 Watt) and Synthesis Power (50 Watts), which are operating in a PV generation system in the University of Anbar - Iraq, College of Applied Sciences. The math model demonstrates Power versus Voltage (P-V) characteristic curves to depict and study various parameters with affecting variations in the PV array performance. The parameters include ambient and cell temperature degrees and solar irradiance (G) level which are the main elements to dictate the productivity of a solar system. G is represented by sun unit (1 sun=1 kW/m²). The outcomes of the simulation model characteristics curves have been compared with curves provided by the tested modules data sheets. MATLAB software has been used to simulate the model and extract the results. This paper also investigated photovoltaic simulation with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) converter to evaluate hence predict the behaviors of the whole photovoltaic DC current generation using PSIM Power Electronics program. The model focuses on the basic components in PV systems; The panel and the DC-DC converter. The modeling outcome data will be used as a reference verifying the performance of the tested modules during the year seasons under the dominating dusty hot weather in western Iraq.</p>

In this paper, a novel scheduling scheme for the Fourth Generation (4G)-Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) network is proposed to ensure that end to end traffic transaction is provisioned seamlessly. The scheduling scheme is divided into two stages; in stage one, traffic is separated into Actual Time Traffic (ATT) and Non-Actual-Time Traffic (NATT), while in stage two, complex queuing strategy is performed. In stage one, Class-Based Queuing (CBQ) and Deficit Round Robin (DRR) are used for NATT and ATT applications, respectively to separate and forward traffic themselves according to source requirements. Whereas in the stage, two Control Priority Queuing (CPQ) is used to assign each class the appropriate priority level. Evaluation of the performance of the integrated network was done according to several metrics such as end-to-end delay, jitter, packet loss, and network’s throughput. Results demonstrate major improvements for AT services with minor degradation on NAT applications after implementing the new scheduling scheme.

Many power electronics applications require a power calculation in the control system. To get a suitable output, engineers need to control the process and regulate the power exchange with the grid. Since real and reactive power calculations are so crucial a topic, a novel control strategy for a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverter has been developed. Therefore, Direct power control (DPC) and a single-phase three-level space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) combine as a control and modulation system. In this paper, predictive real and reactive power control and SVPWM method are conferred in the inner loop. A voltage controller based on a proportionalintegral (PI) scheme is used in the outer loop to acquire constant output voltage and provide power refers to the DPC. The performance of the proposed method is verified by using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Nanotechnology is a new expanding field of research including manipulating characteristics and nanoscale structures. Nanoparticles (NPs) have recently received a lot of attention in various applications such as biotechnological, fiber laser, optical sensors, etc. Here, we present a novel synthesis approach using reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/gold (Au) nano and embedding them into Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using the laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technique to form three samples of different thicknesses. These samples were measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to be 200 nm, 230 nm, and 240 nm, respectively. The energy bandgap, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) image, and photodetector were used for the characterization of the samples. The highest specific quantum efficiency of 200 nm, 230, and 240 nm thin film samples was 141.5%, 171.86%, and 173%, at 890 nm; while directivity was realized at 1.15 × 1013 Jones, 1.7 × 1013 Jones, and 1.80 × 1013 Jones at 890 nm, respectively. The LIFT films improved responsivity (Rλ), directivity (D*), quantum efficiency (η%), and Current-Voltage (I-V) measurements.