Introduction: Skin diseases are the major contributors of disease burden in society. Dermatological therapy ultimate goal is achieved by administering the safest and least number of drugs. The problem gets compounded with the inappropriate and irrational use of medicines. Therefore, periodic prescription audit in the form of prescribing patterns is away to improve irrational prescription. The objective of this study to assess the prescription patterns of dermatological agents in Borumeda hospital. Method: Hospital based retrospective cross sectional study in which prescribing patterns of dermatological agents are assessed. A total of 385 samples of patient record prescription from November/1/2016 to December/30/2016, and the sample were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Sample prescriptions were reviewed using structural data collection format. The Collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Result: Regarding rout of administration, the maximum number of drugs was prescribed topically (66.2%). Topical steroids were the most commonly prescribed drugs (25.3%). Use of generic prescribing in single drug prescribing was 81.7%. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis was higher (26.3%, 20.8%) in both male and female respectively followed by scabies in male with 12.2% and Acne vulgaris (12.9%) in female. Number of drugs per prescription was higher (2.46) than WHO standard (<2). Conclusion: The current study reveals that topical corticosteroids were commonly prescribed drugs in the dermatology unit and the prescribing practice imitates incidence of polypharmacy.

Introduction: Most parts of the plant Clutia abyssinica is traditionally used in different diseases because of their medicinal properties. The roots are widely used traditionally, as diuretic purpose, liver problems, enlarged spleen and kidney problems. The present study was carried out to evaluate the diuretic effect of methanolic extracts of Clutia abyssinica roots in rats in comparison with standard drug furosemide. Methodology: Thirty rats of either sex were randomly allocated into five groups of six each. The rats were pretreated with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl, po) at a dose of 25 ml/kg, to impose uniform water and salt load. The control group received normal saline (20 ml/kg po), the standard group received furosemide (10mg/kg, po) and the test groups were administered different doses of the crude methanolic extract (100, 200 and 400mg/kg, po) respectively and urine was collected from individual rat for a period of 24 hrs. The urine volume and concentration of urine electrolytes were measured. Result: At medium (M200) and maximum (M400) doses of Clutia abyssinica had a significant urine output at the end of 6 hr (p<0.001) and 24hr (p<0.05) when compared with control group. Effect on electrolyte excretion showed in both 6hr and 24hr had an increased natriuresis (p<0.001 for both time of collection) and kaliuresis (p<0.05 for 6hr and p<0.001 for 24hr urine) at M400 dose, while the kaliuresis effect was smaller at M100 doses when compared with standard. The plant was also found to be safe at a maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg for methanolic extracts. Conclusions: These findings indicate that crude extract of Clutia abyssinica roots has good diuretic activity on rat model. However, future studies should focus on its exact mechanisms of action and isolating the phytochemical component(s) responsible for diuresis.

Introduction: Pain is the sensory and emotional experience, which altered human health and well-being. When pain does not resolve, it may be associated with a serious disease, condition, or injury that needs timely medical care and also irrational prescribing of analgesics, which is possible to lead to unwanted side effects. Therefore, this study has been intended to evaluate the prescribing pattern of analgesics drugs at Boru Meda Hospital. Method: A retrospective cross sectional descriptive study was conducted. A total of 200 prescriptions containing analgesic were systematically collected by using well designed and pretested Data collection format. The necessary information was extracted from the prescription sheets by trained pharmacists and later analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Result: Regarding prescribed analgesic acetaminophen 115 (36.9%) was the most prescribed, and then followed diclofenac 83 (26.6%) and Ibuprofen 64 (20.5%). The maximum number of analgesic drugs was administered to patients by oral rout (75%), which is followed by parenteral (19%). About dosing approach 94% acetaminophen prescribed as needed (PRN) based, whereas ibuprofen 59.4% and tramadol 40% were prescribed as twice a day (bid) based. Acute fibril illness (13.6%) was the highest reason for prescribing analgesics. Conclusion: Majority of the prescription analgesics drugs were prescribed as PRN dosing approaches with a very large percentage of oral medications. Some of the prescriptions revealed irrational prescribing of analgesics, in accordance of clinical indication, frequency of administration and combination of analgesic.

Background: Client satisfaction is a multidimensional construct that reflects the quality of service provided by healthcare providers. The objective of this study was to develop a client satisfaction scale that could be used to assess the quality of pharmacy services provided in Boru meda hospital community and hospital pharmacy in respect of client perception of specific aspects of service performance. Methods: Institutional based quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with clients exit interview at hospital outpatient pharmacy and community pharmacy during the period from February 30, 2017 to March 30, 2017. The study was carried out in 417 participants who were selected by systematic random sampling technique. The data was collected on predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Results: Regarding availability of pharmaceutical items at community pharmacy114 (54%) had gotten a chance of all prescribed items. About patronage of participants 153(72.5%) were repeat visit in community pharmacy. with regards the courtesy and respect shown by the pharmacy staff 96.7%, 95.6% participants were found satisfied in community and hospital pharmacy respectively. Near about 39(18.5%) participants in community pharmacy and 70(34%) participants in hospital pharmacy replied that they were unsatisfied with information gives about the proper storage of their medication. Conclusions: This study showed that the overall satisfaction level of clients of both hospital and community pharmacy was high. About fairness of cost of medications in the community pharmacy only 6(2.8%) were found very dissatisfactory, whereas 3(1.5%) Participants at hospital pharmacy were very dissatisfactory.