Two pot experiments were performed in the Experimental Farm, Soils and Water Department, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt during two successive winter seasons (2018/2019 and 2019/2020). The main objective is to evaluate the effect of four addition levels of farmyard manure (FYM) (0, 10, 20 and 30 g/Kg of soil) combined with acid producing bacteria (APB) + molasses, yeast + molasses or their mixture on improving the chemical properties of a calcareous sandy soils and enhancing wheat growth. The results showed that, the results showed that with the increasing added level of FYM the soil pH and CaCO3 content were decreased and the soil EC, OM, total N and available P and K were increased. In addition, plant dry matter, N, P and K uptakes and use efficiencies were increased. Also, the application of APB + molasses, yeast+ molasses or their mixture with (FYM) were more effective than adding FYM alone in the improvement of calcareous soil properties and enhancement of wheat growth. It could be concluded that the best treatment in improving the calcareous sandy soil properties and increasing wheat growth, nutrients uptake and use efficiencies was the treatment of FYM with APB + yeast+ molasses especially when FYM was applied ate level 30 g/kg soil.

The study included two incubation experiments to test the efficiency of Bacillus megathirum, Bacillus polymyxa, and Trichoderma harzianum in their ability to release phosphorus from rock phosphate. In addition, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of bio-enriched rock phosphate as phosphate fertilizer and its effect on some soil chemical properties and phosphorus availability as well as growth and nutrient uptake of the wheat plant during growth season (winter 2021/22022). Results showed that, liquid medium inoculation by the three different microbials strains under study improved P release from rock phosphate compared to the uninoculated treatment (control). Also, the highest values of available phosphorus were recorded with isolating Bacillus polymyxa+Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus megathirum+ Trichoderma harzianum in most of the incubation periods. Moreover, applying rock phosphate bioenriched by Bacillus polymyxa+Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus megathirum+ Trichoderma harzianum resulted in enhancing available soil phosphorus, plant height, root lengths, dry matter as well as N, P and K uptake of wheat plants compared to the other treatments. Also, in most treatments, all previous measurements were enhanced by applying bio-enriched rock phosphate at the level of 1.2 ton ha -1 compared to the same biological treatments at the level 2.4 ton ha -1 and Superphosphate treatment. Hence, it was concluded that bio-enriched rock phosphate by Bacillus polymyxa + Trichoderma harzianum or Bacillus megathirum+ Trichoderma harzianum before direct application to the soil enhanced the release of P from rock phosphate and proved to be a suitable approach to use rock phosphate.

Liquid organic fertilizers are organic solutions that are a valuable choice for sustainable agriculture. In addition, these organic forms play a significant role, in integrated waste management strategies. In this study, a one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlations and principal component analysis were performed on all traits, to compare the responses of sole application of compost, compost tea, vermicompost tea and their combinations on growth, yield of Allium cepa and on soil properties. The results showed that, in most cases with fertilizers treatments, the soil pH, CaCO3 and bulk density were decreased, while soil organic matter, total N, available P and K were increased. A mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost had more desirable effect on plant height, leaves number, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight. Therefore, application of 50% compost tea and 50% vermicompost tea, it is possible to achieve an acceptable total bulb yield ton/ha, total soluble solids %, and dry matter %. While, available P, K in soil and P % in plant were raised when plants treated with teas sole or combined with compost 50%. Using a mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost tea, was a higher nutrient concentration and had a significant impact on onion plants productivity, and on soil properties.

This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons of 2018 & 2019 on Superior seedless grapevines cultivar grown in the experimental farm of faculty of agriculture, South Valley University. Qena Governorate, Egypt, where the soil is sandy loam in attempt to reduce the application of N P K chemical fertilizers through partially substitute of chemical fertilizers with vermicompost and biofertilizers at rate of 25 -75 % to control chemical fertilization and reduce environmental pollution and improve growth, yield and fruit quality of Superior grapevine besides improving the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. Seven treatments of mineral NPK, vermicompost and biofertilizers were applied to study the impact of them on growth characteristics and fruiting of Superior seedless grapevines as well as soil nutrient status. The results indicated that supplying Superior vine with NPK via mineral sources at 50% plus 860 g vermicompost (approximately 25 % from the recommended dose of NPK) and 150 Ml biofertilizaers (mixed from strains bacteria nitrogen-fixing, Phosphate dissolvers and Silicate dissolver) or 50 % via mineral sources plus 1720 g vermicompost (approximately 50 % from the recommended dose of NPK) was very effective in improving all growth properties, i.e. length of shoot, leaf area, number of leaves /shoot, leaf mineral contents and gave the highest yield and fruit quality of Superior grapevines and improve physical and chemical properties of the soil and reducing environmental pollution. Furthermore, reduction of mineral fertilization may help to produce fruits safe for human as well as decreasing environment pollution.

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