A novel synthetic strategy to obtain acylhydrazone-oxazole hybrids in three-step reactions in moderate to good yields is reported. The key step reaction consists in a Van Leusen reaction using a bifunctional component of both an aldehyde and a functional group. The target molecules were evaluated via in-silico by molecular docking with the main protease enzyme of SARS-Cov-2, where two acyl hydralazine-oxazoles yielded good predicted free energy values in comparison to the cocrystalized ligand.

Molecular modeling applies several computational chemistry tools as molecular docking; this latter has been useful in medicinal chemistry for prediction of interactions between small ligands and biological targets measuring angles, enthalpy and other physicalchemical properties involved in the supramolecular entities. In this chapter, we present molecular docking advances with a perspective to the improvement of parameterization including halogen bonding interactions (XB) and the modification of scoring functions based on halogen sigma-hole polarization. At the same time, we have included the current computational methods to study halogen bonding that increased the accuracy of predicted entities. Finally, we present examples of the main force fields including electronic distribution and modifications for halogen atoms.

Abstract:A docking studies of a set of several 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles (1,5-DS-T) compounds to find potential inhibitors of the Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase (ABL kinase) and the mutated ABL kinase T315I were conducted by using Lamarckian genetic algorithms as search algorithms in Autodock4. Bayesian calculations were performed, and specificity (Sp) and sensitivity (Se) values as well as positive predicted values (PPVs) and negative predicted values (NPVs) were calculated using a set of 99 active ligands and 385 decoys for ABL kinase from the DUD database. RMSD values were calculated between the X-ray crystallographically determined coordinates of the ligands in the complexes of ligand with the ABL kinase and with T315I ABL kinase resistant to imatinib. The predicted results showed the importance of the interactions of the protein with halogens present in some of these 1,5-DS-T ligands. In conclusion, the results suggest that eight novel 1,5-DS-T compounds were identified to be effective inhibitors of ABL kinase.

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A set of 18 imine-phenylaminopyrimidines (imine-PAP) 5a-r against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, is presented. In addition, these compounds have been previously reported by our group. The best receptor-ligand interactions were obtained from 10i, 10m and 10o as shown by their predicted free Gibbs −9.83, −9.71 and −9.02 kcal/mol respectively. This is in comparison with the cocrystalized ligand in the main protease (−7.78 kcal/mol,). These results provide solid foundation in order to test the imine-PAP compounds in in vitro studies in order to explore the possible inhibition of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2.