Glaucoma is a domineering and irretrievable neurodegenerative eye disease produced by the optical nerve head owed to extended intra-ocular stress inside the eye. Recognition of glaucoma is an essential job for ophthalmologists. In this paper, we propose a methodology to classify fundus images into normal and glaucoma categories. The proposed approach makes use of image denoising of digital fundus images by utilizing a non-Gaussian bivariate probability distribution function to model the statistics of wavelet coefficients of glaucoma images. The traditional image features were extracted followed by the popular feature selection algorithm. The selected features are then fed to the least square support vector machine classifier employing various kernel functions. The comparison result shows that the proposed approach offers maximum classification accuracy of nearly 91.22% over the existing best approaches.
In this paper, we present a regular partial product array (PPA) for radix-8 Booth multiplication by removing the extra row with a small overhead complexity. A radix-8 multiplier design is proposed based on the regular PPA which offers a saving of 10.7 % area-delay product (ADP) over the existing radix-8 multiplier design. The n lower-order bits of 2n bit output of full-width multiplier are truncated to have a fixed-width multiplier with low truncation error, where n is the operand bit-width. Few redundant logic operations are created in the adder unit when n lower-order bits of 2n-bit multiplier output are truncated. A specific design is necessary as the modern synthesis tools partially remove these redundant logics. We present an optimized adder unit design after removing redundant logic for post-truncated fixed-width radix-8 Booth multiplier. Comparison result shows that the proposed post-truncated fixedwidth multiplier design offers nearly 20.7 % ADP and 18.3 % power saving over the existing radix-8 design optimized by the Synopsys Design Compiler when 2n-bit output is post-truncated to n-bit. More often, multipliers are used for multiplication of constant. The value of the constant may be fixed or could be changed during runtime by the user. The multiplier that multiplies fixed constant is referred to fixedconstant multiplier and that multiplies constant which changes during run-time is referred to generic-constant multiplier. Both radix-4 and radix-8 Booth multiplier designs easily can be configured for a generic-constant multiplier. However, radix-8 multiplier design offers to save some area and delay when configured for constant multiplication, while the radix-4 multiplier design does not have this feature. We find B Abhishek Choubey Circuits Syst Signal Process that the proposed 12-bit full-width and fixed-width radix-8 generic-constant multiplier designs, respectively, involve 19.4 and 24.7 % less ADP than the existing radix-4 fullwidth and post-truncated multiplier designs configured for constant multiplication. The existing block-based lifting 2-D DWT structure is synthesized using the proposed radix-8 generic-constant fixed-width multiplier design to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed multiplier designs. We find that the existing lifting 2-D DWT structure of block size 16 and word length 12 offers 19.3 % ADP saving and 11.5 % power saving when the constant multipliers are implemented using the proposed radix-8 multiplier design instead of the existing radix-4 multiplier design.
This paper attempts to undertake the study of two types of noise such as Salt and Pepper (SPN), Speckle (SPKN). Different noise densities have been removed by using four types of filters as meidan filter, Lee filter , Kuan filter, Frost filter, and Wavelet based Bivariate Shrinkage function .Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are inherently affected by multiplicative speckle noise, which is due to the coherent nature of the scattering phenomenon. Multiwavelet transform technique has a big advantage over the other techniques that it less distorts spectral characteristics of the image denoising We apply the proposed method for speckle SAR images by using logarithmic transformation. We present a novel approach to estimating the mean square error (MSE) associated with any given threshold level in both hard and soft thresholding This paper proposes different filtering techniques based on statistical methods for the removal of speckle noise. . The quality of the enhanced images is measured by the statistical quantity measures: Noise Variance, Mean Square Error (MSE), Equivalent Numbers of Looks (ENL), Signal-toNoise Ratio (SNR), and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR),
The requirement of imaging methods in the medical field is vivid. If the capturing devices are not sophisticated, the acquired images will have a significant amount of noise. These noises are hazardous and cannot be entertained. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) caused the state of affairs in girls if not diagnosed and look after early stages. Tran's epithelial duct ultrasound machine could be a non-invasive technique of imaging the human ovary to show salient options necessary for PCOS identification. Numbers of follicles and their sizes area unit the most options that characterize ovarian pictures. Hence, PCOS is diagnosed by investigating the numbers of follicles and measurement their sizes manually. conflict in medical aid is essentially created by technical advances in modalities that resulted from fruitful interactions among the essential science, bioscience, and manufacturer. Hence, PCOS is diagnosed by investigating the numbers of follicles and measurement their sizes manually. This paper attempts to identify the noise & try to generate a noise-free image by evaluation of noise properties. The noise pattern information thus provides an upper hand in the second stage filtering with specific filters i.e. fuzzified. A median filter for salt and pepper noise; and an adaptive wiener filter for Gaussian noise. 46.2%, 15.1%, and 12.4% improvement in MSE for salt & pepper, Gaussian, and speckle noise as compared to best existing methods.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.