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This study aims to investigate the factors that affect the usage of voice-activated personal assistants (VAPA) which are mobile device applications such as Siri, Google Now, S Voice, Cortana, Alexa, etc. A theoretical framework is proposed based on the relative technology acceptance model constructs in the light of literature. Data are collected from a total of 183 people with a survey questionnaire. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied as the major statistical technique for data analysis. The proposed model has the potential to help technology companies to understand some of the factors influencing user' behaviors and attitudes toward VAPA and improve the technology quality. There are few researches about voice-activated technology adoption in the literature and this is first paper that proposes a research model for acceptance of VAPA.

This study intends to investigate the factors which can affect the sustainability of mobile learning (m-learning) from many perspectives. Current studies on the sustainability of m-learning are reviewed in the context of organizational, financial, legal and ethical, pedagogical, assessment, psychological, and social factors. In addition to the literature review, an investigation based on formal interviews is conducted with 11 heads in university centers for distance education (UCDE) to obtain additional sustainability factors. To test the impacts of the factors on sustainability in m-learning, another investigation which bases on survey research is conducted with administrative personnel in UCDE, and instructors and students in the distance education universities. A total of 667 survey responses are analyzed, and a model for the sustainability of m-learning is developed. This article concludes that some factors have significant effects on sustainability in m-learning and some of them are critically important for m-learning initiatives. M-learning sustainability is studied rarely in some contexts such as organizational, psychological, and social context. Therefore, this study can bridge this gap, and provide a guideline to m-learning initiatives for sustainable education.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze e-government implementation and effectiveness at the municipal level in the vision of information system (IS) integration and to propose a roadmap for an integrated information system (IIS) for municipalities from the citizens' perspective. Integration models proposed in the literature are reviewed and merged into a more comprehensive model. Based on the proposed model, integration process occurs under four domains: strategic, organizational, logical and physical. Related approaches of hierarchy, structure, direction and extent are analyzed and evaluated for each domain. Then, IS practices for seven different municipalities are examined and compared to each other so as to evaluate the current situation. At the final stage, a practical structural framework is developed and presented. As a result of the longitudinal interviews with Sarıyer Municipality, the general framework and a roadmap for municipalities are put forward. While this roadmap can be extended further by other researchers, it can also act as a base for practitioners to develop integrated information systems (IIS) for citizen services offered local governments.