Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are common disorders with an escalating prevalence and systemic consequences. OSA is defined as recurrent episodes of complete or partial upper airway closure during sleeping. Metabolic syndrome comprises a heterogeneous group of changes including diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension.The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between OSA and MS. Methods:We conducted a prospective study of patients who underwent seep study in Constanta Sleep Disorders Center, between 2015-2019. The patient group consisted of 151 individuals (103 male and 48 females). All patients underwent polygraphy, blood sampling and measurement of anthropometric variables. OSA was consider present when AHI >15. MS was defined according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.Results: Out of a total of 151 patients with OSA, 90 (59.6%) were found to have MS. All of the separate components of metabolic syndrome were common in our patients, but the diagnosis was made based on three (57.7%), four or all criteria (42.3%). Furthermore, all the anthropometric variables were associated with MS. The prevalence of MS among OSA patients increased with increasing AHI. Obesity was a strong link to both, in particular visceral obesity for MS and enlargement of soft tissue structure within and surrounding the airway for OSA. Conclusion:Patients with OSA have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Thus, this interplay could disclose a role for OSA screening in patient with metabolic abnormalities.

The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered as an association of the abdominal obesity, abnormal metabolism of the lipids and glucose (high level of triglycerides, low level of HDL-cholesterol and high level of glycemia) and high values of blood pressure, determined by an underlying mechanism of insulin resistance. As a result of environmental-gene interaction, MetS is associated with unhealthy nutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity, shorter sleep duration and desynchronization of the circadian rhytm caused by working in shifts. The aim of this article is to review the effects of working in shifts on the MetS through the epidemiological evidence and the perspective of the physiopathological mechanisms.

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Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are common disorders with an escalating prevalence and systemic consequences. OSA is defined as recurrent episodes of complete or partial upper airway closure during sleeping. Metabolic syndrome comprises a heterogeneous group of changes including diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension.The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between OSA and MS. Methods:We conducted a prospective study of patients who underwent seep study in Constanta Sleep Disorders Center, between 2015-2019. The patient group consisted of 151 individuals (103 male and 48 females). All patients underwent polygraphy, blood sampling and measurement of anthropometric variables. OSA was consider present when AHI >15. MS was defined according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines.Results: Out of a total of 151 patients with OSA, 90 (59.6%) were found to have MS. All of the separate components of metabolic syndrome were common in our patients, but the diagnosis was made based on three (57.7%), four or all criteria (42.3%). Furthermore, all the anthropometric variables were associated with MS. The prevalence of MS among OSA patients increased with increasing AHI. Obesity was a strong link to both, in particular visceral obesity for MS and enlargement of soft tissue structure within and surrounding the airway for OSA. Conclusion:Patients with OSA have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Thus, this interplay could disclose a role for OSA screening in patient with metabolic abnormalities.

Background The pattern of zygomatic bone fractures varies in the literature, their features being frequently masked by the presence of associated soft tissue lesions, which make clinical diagnosis and therapeutic indications difficult. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of zygomatic bone fractures and their interrelation with concomitant overlying soft tissue lesions, in order to improve the diagnosis and the establishment of the correct treatment. We also aimed to assess the type of treatment methods applied depending on the fracture pattern of the zygomatic bone, as well as their effectiveness depending on the incidence rate of postoperative complications. Methods A 10-year retrospective evaluation of midface fractures was performed in patients diagnosed and treated in a tertiary Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Results The study included 242 patients with zygomatic bone fractures. The majority of the fractures were displaced n = 179 (73.90%), closed n = 179 (73.90%) and complete n = 219 (90.50%). Hematoma was the most frequent associated soft tissue lesion n = 102 (42.15%) regardless of the fracture pattern (p = 1.000). The incidence of lacerations and excoriations was statistically higher in the case of complete (laceration p = 0.0028/ excoriation p = 0.037), displaced and comminuted zygomatic fractures (laceration p = 0.015/ excoriation p = 0.001). The most frequent type of treatment applied was Gillies reduction (61.98%), followed by ORIF (30.99%). The most frequent postoperative complication was malunion secondary to Gillies treatment (p = 002). Conclusions Patients presenting lacerations and excoriations on clinical soft tissue examination will most frequently have an underlying complete, displaced or comminuted zygomatic fracture. The most effective treatment method in the case of displaced, open or comminuted fractures was ORIF, while in the case of non-displaced and closed fractures, conservative treatment was the most effective.