Community development service is one of the cardinal programmes of NYSC sheme. However, it appears to be one of the challenging aspects of NYSC Scheme. This study therefore analysed challenges confronting NYSC scheme in the delivery of community development service in Southwestern Nigeria. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. This study concluded that poor financing (65.4%), Lack of good ideas (67.8%), inadequate sensitization on NYSC community development service operations/functions (68.5%), lack of operational facilities (76.7%), lack of motivation/incentive by the CDS coordinators (65.4%) as well as leadership problem (80.9%) were the identified challenges confronting NYSC scheme in the delivery of community development service within the study area.

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Lecturers in Nigerian universities, according to literature, are subjected to challenging workplace conditions that tends to inhibit their performance and subsequently, their ability to achieve the teaching, research and community development service functions of their job description. It, therefore, becomes pertinent that the work performance of lecturers be analysed to either support or negate existing literature on the subject matter. This study is qualitative in nature and data was gathered through in-depth interview schedule from nine universities across Southwestern Nigeria (three Federal universities, three State universities and three Private universities). Three face-to-face individual interviews were held with academic staff who were Heads of Department and/or Deans in each of the selected universities giving a total of 27 of such interviews.Data were analysed using content analysis. The study found out that there are hinderances surrounding the work performance of lecturers particularly in terms of efficiency, effectiveness and productivity due to challenging poor working conditions such as erratic power supply, increased workload, absence of certain office facilities and lack of research funds. This study thus supports existing literature.

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The need to empower women seems to center on the fact that women have potentials to contribute to the development process but are constrained by some factors that render them powerless. For this reason, this study examined the impact of justice development and peace commission on women empowerment by assessing the empowerment initiatives, women participation and identifying factors that militate against full empowerment and participation of women. The theoretical background for this study is structural functionalism and the study is descriptive in nature. The study was conducted in JDPC, Ijebu-Ode and data was collected from primary and secondary sources. For primary data, IDI was conducted for 12 beneficiaries of the empowerment programmes and 6 employees of JDPC while secondary data were collected through extensive review of literature. The data collected were content analyzed. The findings revealed that not until recent empowerment programmes organized for women, women do not have the zeal for the programmes which has limited their consciousness and strength in the society. Also, awkward spending of women contributed to their failure from receiving further loans from JDPC. Equally, low level of education, tradition and belief that men are better than women affected the slow rate of empowerment of women.