To update the landscape analysis of vaccine injuries no-fault compensation programmes, we conducted a scoping review and a survey of World Health Organization Member States. We describe the characteristics of existing no-fault compensation systems during 2018 based on six common programme elements. No-fault compensation systems for vaccine injuries have been developed in a few high-income countries for more than 50 years. Twenty-five jurisdictions were identified with no-fault compensation programmes, of which two were recently implemented in a low-and a lower-middle-income country. The no-fault compensation programmes in most jurisdictions are implemented at the central or federal government level and are government funded. Eligibility criteria for vaccine injury compensation vary considerably across the evaluated programmes. Notably, most programmes cover injuries arising from vaccines that are registered in the country and are recommended by authorities for routine use in children, pregnant women, adults (e.g. influenza vaccines) and for special indications. A claim process is initiated once the injured party or their legal representative files for compensation with a special administrative body in most programmes. All no-fault compensation programmes reviewed require standard of proof showing a causal association between vaccination and injury. Once a final decision has been reached, claimants are compensated with either: lump-sums; amounts calculated based on medical care costs and expenses, loss of earnings or earning capacity; or monetary compensation calculated based on pain and suffering, emotional distress, permanent impairment or loss of function; or combination of those. In most jurisdictions, vaccine injury claimants have the right to seek damages either through civil litigation or from a compensation scheme but not both simultaneously. Data from this report provide an empirical basis on which global guidance for implementing such schemes could be developed.

Los establecimientos en que se llevó a cabo este proyecto de investigación fueron:

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Introducción L a vacunación antineumocócica se ha realizado desde principios del siglo pasado, es decir, antes del inicio de los antimicrobianos, con células bacterianas completas o polisacáridos capsulares. Siendo una causa importante de morbimortalidad, el interés por las inmunizaciones contra Streptococcus pneumoniae ha sido permanente en diferentes países; no obstante, las decisiones son muy variadas de país a país. Por ejemplo, Estados Unidos de América (E.U.A.) recomienda una vacunación secuencial con vacuna conjugada 13 valente (PCV13) seguida de vacuna polisacárida 23 valente (PSV23) para la protección de los adultos mayores 1 , mientras que en Europa los esquemas son, en general, más simples. De 31 países europeos, en cinco se utiliza la estrategia combinada de PCV13 seguida de PSV23, en cinco se utiliza sólo PCV13, en 11 se recomienda PSV23 y en 10 no hay recomendación de vacuna antineumocócica 2. En este contexto, se decidió realizar una recomendación para Chile basada en su epidemiología local. La infección neumocócica invasora es una enfermedad grave y de alta mortalidad. En Chile, entre los Recomendación del CAVEI de vacunación antineumocócica en adultos CAVEI recommendation for pneumococcal vaccine use in adults