Little is known about the engagement of health promotion practices of postpartum women in Abia State; and no empirical data was identified in Abia State hence the motivation to determine demographic Variables as a determinant of health promotion practices among postpartum women attending primary health care centers in Abia State. To achieve this purpose, 8 specific purposes, and 8 corresponding research questions and 8 hypotheses were raised. Descriptive survey design was adopted. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to draw 600 postpartum women attending primary health care centers at Abia State between September and October, 2021. Research instrument was a researcher- developed questionnaire tagged “Health Promotion Practices Questionnaire, (HPPQ)” which was divided into two clusters (breastfeeding and personal hygiene). Three experts validated the instrument. The HPPQ was subjected to reliability test using Kuder-Richardson (K-R 20) and the reliability coefficients 0.61 and 0.69 were obtained for breastfeeding and personal hygiene respectively. Analysis was done using 462 adequately completed copies of the instrument. Frequencies and percentages were used to answer the research questions, while chi-square statistics was used to test the hypotheses at .05 alpha levels. The findings showed that greater proportion of women below 23years of age engaged less in health promotion practices regarding personal hygiene and breastfeeding. Also, postpartum women of parity level of 1-3 engaged most in health promotion practices of breastfeeding and personal hygiene. Postpartum women who were either civil servants or business women engaged most in health promotion practices stipulated in this study while those postpartum women of educational group of primary education and no-formal education engaged less in health promotion practices of breastfeeding and personal hygiene. There were significant differences among postpartum women of different ages, parity levels, educational status and occupational levels in their engagement of health promotion practices. Based on the above findings, conclusions were drawn and recommendations among others were made: every postpartum woman should be adequately informed and sensitized on the importance of postpartum care and the essence of regular attendance to Primary Health care centers during postpartum period, particularly the younger ones, using appropriate channels and settings.

Gender- based violence is fundamentally, a violation of human rights.It is progressively oppressive systemic violence human rights. GBV affects both male and female gender more especially girls and young women more than boys. It occurs in all parts of the globe, cutting across all economic and social groups. This paper therefore, examined gender- based violence against adolescents in Nigeria. It elaborated factors that promulgatethis oppressive form of gender inequality which include: cultural practices, patriarchal systems that seek to control the lives and sexuality of girls, emergencies circumstances and societal norms. It also pointed out likely places of GBVoccurrences, its agonizing effects on adolescents and the prevailing circumstances in Nigeria. Salutogenic theory was deemed appropriate for the study. The study concluded that every girl and boy deserve to grow up free from harm and violence as GBV will effectively exacerbate their life cycles and continually risk their futures if un-halted. Thus, health promotion strategies were recommended as a way of reducing gender- based violence against adolescents in Nigeria.