Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has created an alarming situation due to extensive loss of human lives and economy, posing enormous threat to global health security. Till date, no antiviral drug or vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 has reached the market, although a number of clinical trials are under way. The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro), playing pivotal roles in coronavirus replication and polyprotein processing, is essential for its life cycle. In fact, 3CLpro is already a proven drug discovery target for SARS- and MERS-CoVs. This underlines the importance of 3CL protease in the design of potent drugs against COVID-19.Methods: We have collected one hundred twenty-seven relevant literatures to prepare the review article. PubMed, Google Scholar and other scientific search engines were used to collect the literature based on keywords, like “SARS-CoVs-3CL protease,” “medicinal plant and anti-SARS-CoVs-3CL protease” published during 2003–2020. However, earlier publications related to this topic are also cited for necessary illustration and discussion. Repetitive articles and non-English studies were excluded.Results: From the literature search, we have enlisted medicinal plants reported to inhibit coronavirus 3CL protease. Some of the plants like Isatis tinctoria L. (syn. Isatis indigotica Fort.), Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold and Zucc., Psoralea corylifolia L., and Rheum palmatum L. have exhibited strong anti-3CLpro activity. We have also discussed about the phytochemicals with encouraging antiviral activity, such as, bavachinin, psoralidin, betulinic acid, curcumin and hinokinin, isolated from traditional medicinal plants.Conclusion: Currently, searching for a plant-derived novel drug with better therapeutic index is highly desirable due to lack of specific treatment for SARS-CoV-2. It is expected that in-depth evaluation of medicinally important plants would reveal new molecules with significant potential to inhibit coronavirus 3CL protease for development into approved antiviral drug against COVID-19 in future.

The present study was undertaken with six numbers of German Shepherd dogs from different locations of Belgachia, Kolkata, West Bengal. Semen samples were collected biweekly in the morning (8:00 hr) by massage method aseptically from each dog for six occasions. A total of 36 ejaculates were collected. After collection, all semen samples were pooled, and all the macroscopic characters and physicomorphological seminal characteristics were evaluated. The volume of semen, pH, sperm concentration, individual motility, live percentage of spermatozoa, positive for hypo-osmotic swelling test( HOST) and total sperm abnormality percentage were 5.516 ± 0166 cu mm., 6.383 ± 0.031, 274.333 ± 2.667 x10 6 /mL, 76.333 ± 2.728%, 84.166 ± 1.990, 80.166 ± 2.522 and 14.83 ± 2.386, respectively. In the study all the dogs were found fertile.

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Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) is a commonly occurring contagious reproductive tumor of dogs affecting both sexes. Methods: Six female mongrel dogs were brought to Veterinary clinical complex, WBUAFS, Belgachia, Kolkata with the history of inappetence, mass swelling on genitalia and blood tinged urine with dysuria for the past two weeks. Following Physical examination, protruded mass was noticed on external genital region. Impression smear was collected from protruded mass for confirmation of vacuole cell. Chemotherapy was applied with Vincristine @ 0.025 mg/kg b.wt; slow IV once a week for 4 weeks along with supportive treatment. Result: After the end of the 4th week of Chemotherapy animals were showed uneventful recovery.

Background: Few studies have confirmed the presence of ovarian tissue stem cells indicating the capacity for differentiation. Based on this fact, it was hypothesized that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were found in ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) of canines that could easily be isolated. Methods: Both left and right ovaries were minced and digested using collagenase to obtain a stromal vascular fraction (SVF). MSCs were characterized using RT-PCR. To ascertain the trilineage differentiation potential, MSCs were stained with respective stain for osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Result: We observed elongated, spindle-shaped and fibroblast like appearance of cells after 72 h of initial culture. Expression of MSC specific surface markers were observed through RT-PCR. Using Stem Pro® differentiation medium, OSE were differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages and were found to be potential source for isolation, characterization and differentiation of MSCs. Canine (OSE) is easily accessible, multipotent and has high plasticity, holding promise for applications in regenerative medicine.