The objective of this study was to assess the occurence of animals seropositive for Anaplasma marginale in the municipality of Realeza, Paraná State, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 344 cows on 18 small farms in the municipality of Realeza-PR. The animals'serum samples were forwarded to the Federal University of Fronteira do Sul, in order to investigate the occurrence of anti-A. marginale IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay commercial kit. IgG antibodies to A. marginale were detected in cattle from 77.7% of the farms. To the best author's knowledge, this is the first report of occurrence of A. marginale in cattle in southwestern Paraná. The serological assay showed that 24.4% of the animals were seropositive, thus characterizing the location investigated as an area of enzootic instability for the disease. The family farms located in the municipality of Realeza-PR showed enzootic instability for bovine anaplasmosis. It is necessary to conduct disease monitoring programs in association with preventive measures in order to ensure the sanitary quality of the herds and to reduce economic losses for the farmers. In addition, it is essential to implement educational extension actions that allow farmers to acquire knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding the risk factors that contribute towards herd A. marginale-infection.
Este trabalho objetivou conhecer a etiologia da mastite e a frequência de aparecimento dos microrganismos causadores desta na região Sudoeste do Paraná. Para isso, foi utilizado o banco de dados do laboratório Centro de Diagnóstico Agroalimentar do município de Francisco Beltrão. Todos os laudos de exames microbiológicos de leite, no período de cinco anos, foram analisados e tabulados, totalizando 490 amostras. Observou-se que 2 (0,4%) amostras não apresentaram crescimento e 97 (19,8%) apresentaram-se contaminadas. No restante das amostras, 391, obteve-se um total de 539 microrganismos isolados. A bactéria Staphylococcus sp. foi a mais frequente (29,68%), seguido de Enterobactérias (21,15%), Staphylococcus aureus (16,51%), Pseudomonas sp. (13,91%), Enterococcus sp. (4,64%), Bacillus sp. (3,71%), Streptococcus sp.(2,78%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (2,41%), Streptococcus agalactiae (1,67%), Streptococcus uberis (1,3%), Nocardia sp. (0,93%), Prototheca sp. (0,56%), Candida albicans (0,37%), Corinebacterium sp. (0,19%) e Micrococcus sp. 0,19%). Verificou-se que no primeiro ano do estudo os agentes contagiosos representaram 60,42% dos isolados, enquanto no quinto ano uma maior quantidade de microrganismos ambientais foi isolada, representando 70,71%. A bactéria Pseudomonas sp. foi importante para a inversão do quadro, passando de 2,04% dos isolados no ano um para 35,35% no ano cinco. Não houve diferenças significativas para os patógenos entre as estações do ano durante o período avaliado. Esta pesquisa demonstrou que na Região Sudoeste do Paraná, os casos de mastite são provocados principalmente por quatro tipos de agentes etiológicos: Staphylococcus sp., Enterobactérias, S. aureus e Pseudomonas sp. Quinze espécies distintas de microrganismos foram identificadas, incluindo algas e fungos.
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